高速铁路用钢探伤夹杂缺陷的来源及控制  

THE SOURCE AND CONTROL OF INCLUSION DEFECTS IN HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY STEEL DURING ULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTION

作　　者：汪鹏 周杰 肖国华 郭朝军 苗招亮 Wang Peng;Zhou Jie;Xiao Guohua;Guo Chaojun;Miao Zhaoliang(Hebei Iron and Steel Group Handan Iron and Steel Company)

机构地区：[1]河钢集团邯钢公司,河北邯郸056015

出　　处：《河南冶金》2024年第5期10-14,43,共6页Henan Metallurgy

摘　　要：钢轨内部质量是铁路安全运行的重要保障之一,利用扫描电镜和能谱分析仪对探伤不合的重轨钢内部夹杂缺陷进行分析研究,钢轨中的主要夹杂物成分为镁铝尖晶石和钙铝酸盐的复合夹杂物,其来源为水口内壁结瘤物脱落。通过采取严格控制合金辅料杂质元素的含量,降低对耐材的侵蚀,提高钢包自开率,增强保护浇注,减少钢水的二次氧化,降低精炼渣中SiO_(2)的含量和炉渣碱度,改善水口材质,提高水口内壁光洁度,减少水口内壁结瘤物的产生等措施,重轨钢内部质量明显改善,探伤合格率达到99.5%以上。The internal quality of steel rails is one of the important guarantees for the safe operation of railways.Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analyzer are used to analyze and study the internal inclusion defects of unqualified heavy rail steel with ultrasonic flaw detection.The main inclusion components in the steel rails are composite in-clusions of magnesium aluminum spinel and calcium aluminate,which come from the clogging materials fulling off from the inner wall of the water outlet.By strictly controlling the impurity element content of alloy auxiliary materials,reducing the erosion of refractory materials,improving the self opening rate of steel ladles,enhancing protective pouring,reducing sec-ondary oxidation of molten steel,lowering the content of SiO_(2) and slag alkalinity in refining slag,improving the material of the water outlet,enhancing the cleanliness of the inner wall of the water outlet,and reducing the formation of clogging materials on the inner wall of the water outlet,the internal quality of heavy rail steel has been significantly improved,and the pass rate of ultrasonic flaw detection has reached over 99.5%.

关 键 词：重轨钢 超声波探伤 非金属夹杂物 水口 

分 类 号：U213.43[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]