E.P.汤普森社会主义人道主义思想的形成、意蕴与审视  

The formation,implications and critique of E.P.Thompson's socialist humanism

作　　者：黄斐 HUANG Fei(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期168-177,共10页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“世界社会主义标识性概念的语义内涵和历史演进研究”(24CKS120)。

摘　　要：英国马克思主义史学家、新左翼学者E.P.汤普森的社会主义人道主义思想既内生于由汤普森个人成长历程所塑造的人生信念中,也根植于第二次世界大战后国际政治和英国国内环境的巨变中。其理论起点是现实政治中出现的“人性”空场和道德危机。围绕该问题,汤普森从“机械的经济决定论”“反智主义”和“道德虚无主义”三重维度进行了批判。汤普森提出的解决之道是恢复道德在人类生活中的地位,并借助知识分子群体的力量,推行彰显“人性”的社会主义人道主义。汤普森的社会主义人道主义思想不仅丰富了马克思主义的时代内涵,还推动了战后英国马克思主义的发展,为战后文化马克思主义和文化政治学的形成和发展奠定了基础。然而,这一思想存在批判有余而建构不足、破旧有余而立新不足的问题,对人的主体性的强调使其表现出“唯意志论”倾向,融合性的研究路径在造就其独特的学术方法的同时也凸显出理论视野上的局限。Socialist humanism developed by E.P.Thompson,a British Marxist historian and New Left scholar,not only endogenizes from his personal beliefs shaped by his life experiences,but is rooted in international politics and domestic conditions in Britain after World War II.Thompson's theoretical starting point lies in the"vacancy"of human nature and the moral crisis emergent in real-world politics.Addressing to these issues,Thompson launches critiques from such three dimensions as"mechanistic economic determinism,""anti-intellectualism,"and"moral nihilism".And the solution he proposes is to restore morality to its central position in human life,to resort to the power and influence of intellectuals,and to promote socialist humanism that highlights"human nature."Thompson's thoughts of socialist humanism not only enriched the contemporary understanding of Marxism but also contributed to the post-war development of Marxist thought in Britain,laying the foundation for the evolution of cultural Marxism and cultural politics.Nevertheless,his theory has been critiqued for its problems of having more criticism than construction,more dilapidation than innovation,and for its emphasis on individual subjectivity which gives rise to the tendency of"voluntarism,"and his integrative approach,though forging a distinctive academic methodology,also reveals limitations in his theoretical scope.

关 键 词：E.P.汤普森 社会主义人道主义 新左翼 文化马克思主义 

分 类 号：B82-06[哲学宗教—伦理学]