2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(一部)皮类中药和叶类中药的来源信息及显微鉴定规律  

The Basic Source Information and Microscopic Identification Rules of Cortex Chinese Medicines and Folium Chinese Medicines in 2020 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(PartⅠ)

作　　者：梁威 林艳明 周敬凯 傅榕冰 Liang Wei;Lin Yanming;Zhou Jingkai;Fu Rongbing(School of Pharmacy,Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院药学院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《亚太传统医药》2024年第9期28-32,共5页Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升计划(2019KY2565,2023KY0570);右江民族医学院新启航“三新”青年学术骨干项目(右医[2022]66号文件)。

摘　　要：目的:探究2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)(一部)收录皮类中药和叶类中药的来源信息及显微鉴定规律。方法:查阅筛选2020年版《中国药典》(一部)收录的皮类中药和叶类中药,建立数据库统计分析药材的数量、基原植物、药用部位、采收期、干燥方法、贮藏要求、显微特征等信息。结果:2020年版《中国药典》(一部)共收录15科19种皮类中药和25科31种叶类中药,分别占其收录616种药材和饮片的3.08%和5.03%。皮类中药多数以干燥的树皮或根皮为药用部位,多数在“春、秋两季”或“夏、秋两季”采收,并有14种药材的干燥方式为晒干。叶类中药多数以干燥的叶为药用部位,多达16种药材在“夏秋二季”采收,并有12种药材的干燥方式为晒干。皮类中药与叶类中药的贮藏要求均可分为“置干燥处”“置阴凉干燥处”“置通风干燥处”。皮类中药有石细胞、纤维、草酸钙方晶、草酸钙簇晶、淀粉粒、晶纤维等显微特征。叶类中药有不定式气孔、平轴式气孔、非腺毛、腺毛、草酸钙簇晶、草酸钙方晶、晶纤维等显微特征。结论:皮类中药与叶类中药的来源信息和显微特征存在一定的规律性和多样性,还需分析2020年版《中国药典》对两者的具体记载内容,以进一步发掘药材的鉴别规律和开发价值。Objective:To explore the basic source information and microscopic identification rules of cortex Chinese medicines and folium Chinese medicines included in the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as Chinese Pharmacopoeia)(PartⅠ).Methods:The cortex Chinese medicines and folium Chinese medicines recorded in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia)(PartⅠ)were consulted and screened,and a database was established to analyze the quantity,original plants,medicinal parts,harvest time,drying methods,storage requirements,microscopic characteristics,and other information.Results:The 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia)(PartⅠ)recorded 19 kinds of cortex Chinese medicines in 15 families,and 31 kinds of folium Chinese medicine in 25 families,accounting for 3.08%and 5.03%of the 616 herbs and decoction pieces respectively.Most of the cortex Chinese medicines use dried bark or root bark as the medicinal part.Most of them are harvested in spring and autumn or summer and autumn,and 14 kinds of medicinal materials are dried in the sun.Most of the folium Chinese medicines use dried leaves as their medicinal parts.As many as 16 kinds of medicinal materials are harvested in summer and autumn,and 12 kinds of medicinal materials are dried in the sun.The storage requirements of cortex Chinese medicines and folium Chinese medicines can be divided into placed in a dry place,placed in a cool and dry place,placed in a ventilated and dry place.The cortex of Chinese medicines has microscopic characteristics such as stone cells,fibers,calcium oxalate crystals,calcium oxalate clusters,starch granules,and crystal fibers.The folium Chinese medicines have microscopic characteristics such as indefinite stomata,flat-axis stomata,non-glandular hairs,glandular hairs,calcium oxalate clusters,calcium oxalate crystals,and crystal fibers.Conclusion:There are certain regularity and diversity in the source information and microscopic characteristics of cortex Chinese medicines and folium Chinese m

关 键 词：《中国药典》 皮类中药 叶类中药 来源信息 显微特征 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]