长江流域汛期候尺度降水量时空集中特征和洪涝关系  

Spatial and temporal concentration characteristics of pentad-precipitation and its relationship to flood-producing into the Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：白淑英[1,2,3] 张正 顾海敏 谢涛 BAI Shuying;ZHANG Zheng;GU Haimin;XIE Tao(School of Remote Sensing,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Technology Innovation Center for Integrated Applications in Remote Sensing and Navigation,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Precision Navigation and Intelligent Application Engineering Research Center,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学遥感学院,南京210044 [2]自然资源部遥感导航一体化应用工程技术创新中心,南京210044 [3]江苏省协同精密导航定位与智能应用工程研究中心,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2024年第5期825-832,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3004202);江苏省自然灾害综合风险普查评估与区划省级质检审核项目(SZZC-JC-2022081)。

摘　　要：本研究使用1961—2020年长江流域161个气象站点汛期时降水量数据,利用Mann-Kendall趋势分析等方法,分析长江流域汛期降水量集中度、集中期,揭示长江流域降水的时空变化趋势和规律。通过分析洪水年汛期间的降水量时空分布特征,探索降水量集中分布特征和规律与长江流域洪涝发生的关系。结果表明,长江流域汛期各站平均降水量集中度保持在0.65~0.80,整体呈现由东向西递增的趋势,长江流域多年平均最大降水量集中期主要表现为以鄱阳湖和洞庭湖流域以及四川盆地为中心向四周滞后。在长江流域的典型洪水年,除了汛期间降水量较高之外,降水量集中度、降水量集中期均有比正常年份更集中、更异常的特点。In this study,161 meteorological stations data in the Yangtze River Basin from 1961 to 2020 was used to analyze the Precipitation Concentration Degree(PCD)and Precipitation Concentration Period(PCP)in the Yangtze River Basin during the flood season,and the Mann-Kendall trend analysis and other methods were also used to reveal the spatial and temporal trends and patterns of precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin.The relationship between the concentrated distribution characteristics and patterns of precipitation and the occurrence of floods in the Yangtze River Basin was explored by analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation in flood years.Results indicate that the average PCD at each station in the Yangtze River Basin during the flood years remained between 0.65-0.80,with a noticeable increase in concentration from east to west.The maximum multi-year average of PCP in the Yangtze River Basin showed a lag with Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake Basins and the Sichuan Basin as the centers.In a typical flood year in the Yangtze River Basin,the PCD and PCP have a more pronounced and abnormal distribution compared to normal years,in addition to higher precipitation during the flood season.These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding the relationship between precipitation and the occurrence of floods in the Yangtze River Basin.

关 键 词：降水量集中度 降水量集中期 长江流域 洪水年 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]