产出缺口还是规模效应:数字经济对粮食安全的影响及其机制分析  

utput Gap or Scale Effect:The Impact of the Digital Economy on Food Security and Its Mechanism Analysis

作　　者：封立涛 邹文锦 Feng Litao;Zou Wenjin(School of Business,Hunan Normal University)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学商学院,410081

出　　处：《经济评论》2024年第6期134-150,共17页Economic Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“基于中国实践的开放发展理论研究”(22JJD790059);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“城乡协调发展背景下现代农业发展道路的国际比较研究”(16JJD790045);湖南省自然科学青年基金项目“气候变化对湖南农业高质量发展的影响机理及应对策略研究”(2023JJ40451)的资助。

摘　　要：数字经济在成为增长新动能的同时,农业部门和非农部门间数字化发展的不平衡亦会通过要素再配置对农业发展和粮食安全产生新的影响。本文基于结构转型理论,利用2011—2021年中国县级面板数据,分析数字经济发展对粮食安全的影响。研究发现:当前数字经济发展的不平衡对粮食安全存在负向影响,但这一影响随着粮食生产数字化会得到缓解和逆转;该影响的主要作用机制是“数字鸿沟”导致生产要素在部门间和部门内的再配置,使得粮食行业受到“虹吸效应”和“投入非粮化”的双重冲击;数字经济发展对农业部门具有规模效应,弥合“数字鸿沟”是促进农业高质量发展的重要路径;数字经济发展不平衡对粮食安全的冲击在经济较发达地区和农业禀赋优越地区更加显著。基于此,本文从农业数字化补贴、粮食作物多样化以及土地流转等方面为加速农业数字化转型,保障粮食安全和实现高质量发展提供政策建议。As the digital economy emerges as a new engine of growth, the disparity in digital development between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors introduces significant impacts on agricultural development and food security through factor reallocation. Based on structural transformation theory, this paper investigates the effects of digital economy development on food security using county-level panel data from China spanning 2011 to 2021. The findings reveal that first, the current imbalance in digital economy development negatively impacts food security;however, this effect can be mitigated and even reversed through the digitization of food production. Second, the primary mechanism behind this impact is the digital divide, which facilitates the reallocation of production factors between and within sectors, resulting in dual challenges for the food industry from the “siphoning effect” and “non-food input” shocks. Third, the development of the digital economy generates scale effects for the agricultural sector, making the bridging of the “digital divide” a crucial pathway for fostering high-quality agricultural development.Fourth, the consequences of the imbalance in digital economy development on food security are more pronounced in economically developed regions with advantageous agricultural endowments. Based on these insights, this paper offers policy recommendations aimed at accelerating the digital transformation of agriculture, ensuring food security, and achieving high-quality development, from the perspective of agricultural digital subsidies, diversification of food crops, and land transfer.

关 键 词：粮食安全 数字经济 数字鸿沟 虹吸效应 投入非粮化 

分 类 号：F304.6[经济管理—产业经济]