财产保险分期缴费的比例赔付问题——基于对价平衡视角的观察  

On the Proportionate Compensation Rule for Property Insurance with Premium Payment in Installments

作　　者：韩长印[1] Han Changyin

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院

出　　处：《东方法学》2024年第6期161-174,共14页Oriental Law

摘　　要：财产保险保单“分期缴费—比例赔付”的做法忽视了此类合同项下守约投保人的期限利益,与财产保险的“危险不可分原则”相悖,导致投保方合理期待与转移全部风险的目的落空。为平衡财险合同当事人利益,须借助作为保险制度基石的对价平衡原则来对比例赔付方式加以修正。分期缴费财险合同中的续期保费属于保险人的既得债权,应视为保险人已经赚得,保险人所提供的保险保障应当构成其所取得保费的整体对价,只有采用全额赔付模式方能准确体现财险中保费缴纳与保险责任承担的平衡关系以及危险转移的整体性要求,且符合普通分期付款合同固有的“先给付性”特征,进而充分发挥财产保险的保障功能。The"premium payment in installments-proportionate compensation"approach to property insurance neglects the contractually bound insured party's interest in the contractual period under such contracts.It contradicts the"principle of indivisibility of risk"in property insurance.It undermines the policyholder's reasonable expectations and defeats the purpose of transferring the entire risk.To balance the interests of both parties in property insurance contracts,the principle of balanced consideration,a cornerstone of the insurance system,must be applied to amend the proportionate compensation approach.The renewal premiums in installment-based property insurance contracts should be considered as earned by the insurer and regarded as a vested right.The insurance coverage provided by the insurer should be treated as the overall consideration for the premiums received.Only through a full-amount compensation model can the balance between premium payments and the insurer's responsibility be accurately reflected and meet the demand of entire risk transfer.Additionally,this model aligns with the inherent"pre-payment"characteristic of general installment-based contracts,thereby fully realizing the protection by property insurance.

关 键 词：财产保险 保险合同 分期缴费 对价平衡 比例赔付 全额赔付 

分 类 号：DF4[政治法律—经济法学]