科学认知通用人工智能及其伦理风险  

Scientific Understanding of Artificial General Intelligence and Its Ethical Risks

作　　者：刘方喜[1] Liu Fangxi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《探索与争鸣》2024年第10期132-142,179,180,共13页Exploration and Free Views

摘　　要：机器黑箱加上OpenAI事件、DeepMind被合并等所暴露出的公司黑箱、资本黑箱等问题,引发全球对接近实现的通用人工智能巨大伦理风险的普遍担忧。硅谷精英基于反物种主义、社会达尔文主义所想象的超级智能机器神,只不过是自动增殖的资本货币神的变体,是技术精英在分工、私有制框架下过分夸大个人智能的自我神化。作为社会智力的通用人工智能,体现的是通用性与被作为应用者的更多个人使用的广泛社会性的统一,它们再强大也不会成为新物种而引发与人类的物种冲突。少数个体自然人掌握巨量金钱、过度竞争引发的越来越剧烈并可能失控的社会冲突,才是更紧迫的伦理风险点。破解机器黑箱有待科学研究,打破公司黑箱、资本黑箱则需要社会行动、制度变革。The black box of machines,coupled with issues such as the Open AI incident and the merger of Deep Mind that have exposed the black boxes of companies and capital,has sparked widespread global concern about the significant ethical risks associated with the impending realization of artificial general intelligence.The super-intelligent machine deity envisioned by Silicon Valley elites based on anti-speciesism and social Darwinism is merely a variant of the self-proliferating deity of capital and currency,and it is also the selfdeification of technological elites who excessively exaggerate individual intelligence under the framework of labor division and private ownership.As a form of social intelligence,artificial general intelligence embodies the unity of generality and the broad sociality of being used by more individuals as users.No matter how powerful they become,they will not evolve into a new species and cause species conflict with humans.The more urgent ethical risk points lie in the increasingly intense and potentially uncontrollable social conflicts caused by a small number of individuals possessing huge amounts of money and excessive competition.Cracking the black box of machines requires scientific research,while breaking the black boxes of companies and capital necessitates social action and institutional change.

关 键 词：通用人工智能 社会智力 反物种主义 社会达尔文主义 黑箱 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] B82-057[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]