睡眠剥夺下不同睡眠类型持续性注意及HRV节律研究  

Investigation on impact of sleep deprivation on sustained attention andHRV rhythm across different chronotypes

作　　者：李敬强 张雪萌 张焕晰 王庆福 LI Jingqiang;ZHANG Xuemeng;ZHANG Huanxi;WANG Qingfu(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第10期238-246,共9页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(U1933122);民航安全能力建设项目(ASSA2023/20)。

摘　　要：为明确睡眠类型差异对个体认知绩效的影响,利用睡眠类型互补性原则差异化、科学化设计早晚班、夜班团队成员的搭配,提升作业人员的安全效能。采用固定作息法对不同睡眠类型参与者进行30 h睡眠剥夺,测量其心率变异性(HRV)和持续性注意(SUA)水平。同时采用卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表(KSS)、早晨型-夜晚型问卷(MEQ)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷(PSQI),测量睡眠剥夺下不同睡眠类型的参与者疲劳程度。结果表明:在30 h睡眠剥夺中,夜晚型HRV时域指标差异更为明显(RMSSD=38.301±17.056,P<0.001),其波动和幅度更剧烈,周期性更显著。3种睡眠类型KSS分值整体呈上升趋势,中间型KSS分值与HRV频域指标交叉相关性最高(LF/HF=0.769,P<0.05)。早晨型较高SUA水平保持在11:00—17:00,正确率线性回归系数绝对值在1.5×10-4~1.7×10-4,中间型保持在07:00—12:00,夜晚型与前两者相比差异较大。In order to elucidate the impact of varying sleep patterns on cognitive performance,this study leveraged the principle of complementarity among different chronotypes.This approach guided the strategic pairing of personnel for morning,evening,and night shifts,with the goal of enhancing operational safety and efficiency.The research involved a regimen of fixed sleep schedules,subjecting individuals with distinct sleep preferences to 30 hours of sleep deprivation.During this period,participants'HRV and levels of sustained attention were closely monitored.Moreover,the study utilized several established tools to evaluate fatigue in sleep-deprived individuals:the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale(KSS),the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire(MEQ),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Findings revealed that,throughout the sleep deprivation period,individuals with a preference for evening activities exhibited significantly more pronounced variations in HRV time-domain indicators(RMSSD=38.301±17.056,P<0.001).These variations were characterized by greater fluctuation intensity and amplitude,as well as more evident periodicity.KSS scores across all chronotypes show a general upward trend,with those of intermediate chronotypes displaying the highest correlation with HRV frequency-domain indicators(LF/HF=0.769,P<0.05).Morning-oriented individuals demonstrated higher levels of sustained attention between 11:00 AM and 5:00 PM,with accuracy rate linear regression coefficients ranging from 1.5 to 1.7(×10-4).In contrast,individuals with intermediate sleep patterns peaked in attention from 7:00 AM to 12:00 PM,while evening-oriented participants exhibited significantly different patterns compared to the other two groups.

关 键 词：睡眠剥夺 睡眠类型 持续性注意(SUA) 心率变异性(HRV) 昼夜节律 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]