宁夏荒漠草原保护与利用主要问题及对策  

Main problems and countermeasures for protection and utilization of desert grassland in Ningxia

作　　者：左忠[1,2] 沈爱红 黄婷 姜黎[3] 范金鑫[1] 王家洋 ZUO Zhong;SHEN Aihong;HUANG Ting;JIANG Li;FAN Jinxin;WANG Jiayang(Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Association,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy ofSciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Pingliang Kongtong District,Bureau of Forestry and grassland,Pingliang744000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏回族自治区知联会,宁夏银川750002 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]平凉市崆峒区林业和草原局,甘肃平凉744000

出　　处：《生物资源》2024年第5期494-499,共6页Biotic Resources

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院农业科技自主创新资金农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-16-02);宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2024BBF02007);2022年中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2022]ZY09);国家重大科技基础设施“中国西南野生生物种质资源库”野生植物种质资源的调查、收集与保存项目(WGB-1514、1605、2103);宁夏退耕还林工程效益监测项目;宁夏回族自治区第六批科技创新领军人才项目(2020GKLR0100)。

摘　　要：荒漠草原是畜牧业发展的重要基地,也是抵御荒漠化的最后一道绿色生态屏障。近年来,受全球气候变化和人为活动的影响,宁夏荒漠草原生态系统中面临着草原面积逐年递减、退化形势严峻、优良草种严重缺乏、修复技术和知识受限、科研投入不足和管理制度不完善等诸多问题。通过分析以上现状及问题,认为充分发挥荒漠草原自然修复功能、加大乡土植物资源研究投入、强化科技支撑和科技创新、规范行业管理和建立责任追究制等相应保护利用措施,可大幅度提升荒漠草原生态功能,并对荒漠草原保护与利用具有重要意义。Desert grassland is an important base for the development of animal husbandry and the last green ecologi-cal barrier against desertification.In recent years,under the influence of global climate change and human activities,the grassland of desert grassland ecosystem in Ningxia is facing many problems,such as decreasing grassland area year by year,severe degradation situation,serious lack of excellent grass species,limited restoration technology and knowledge,insufficient investment in scientific research and imperfect management system.Based on the analysis of the above situa-tion and problems,it is believed that giving full play to the natural restoration function of desert grassland,increasing the investment in the research of native plant resources,strengthening the support and innovation of science and technology,standardizing the industry management and establishing the responsibility investigation system and other corresponding protection and utilization measures can greatly improve the ecological function of desert grassland,and it is of great signifi-cance to the protection and utilization of desert grassland.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 保护与利用 现状 对策 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]