兼顾活性与稳定性有机质的黑土培肥机理  

Fertilization Mechanism of Active and Stable Organic Matter in Black Soil

作　　者：任超 窦森[1] 郭聃[1] 周健颖 张一枫 REN Chao;DOU Sen;GUO Dan;ZHOU Jianying;ZHANG Yifeng(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第5期697-704,共8页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省重点研发计划项目(20200402098NC)。

摘　　要：玉米秸秆、泥炭因含碳化学组分存在差异,基于秸秆全量还田(1万kg/hm^(2))的田间微区试验,共设5个处理:对照(ck)、玉米秸秆(0P)、玉米秸秆与泥炭2∶1(1/3P)、玉米秸秆与泥炭1∶2(2/3P)和泥炭(P),研究其施入土壤后对土壤有机质的活性与稳定性形成的影响。结果表明:随着泥炭施入比例增加,土壤有机质含量、土壤有机质转化率、胡敏酸含量及胡敏酸占土壤有机质比例先升高再降低,2/3P处理最高,与0P处理相比分别升高6.47%,63.38%,30.84%和22.38%;而矿质结合态有机质含量,胡敏酸分子的缩合度、芳香度和疏水性/亲水性比例逐渐升高,P处理胡敏酸的疏水性甚至超过了ck。综上,玉米秸秆与泥炭比例为1∶2时,对兼顾土壤活性与稳定性有机质的形成具有积极作用,适宜土壤培肥。Due to the differences of carbon chemical composition,there are differences in the activity and stability of soil organic matter after application of corn straw and peat.To explore this effect,a field micro-area experiment based on full straw return to the field(10000 kg/hm^(2))was conducted,with a total of 5 treatments:control treatment(ck),corn straw(0P),corn straw and peat 2∶1(1/3P),corn straw and peat 1∶2(2/3P),and peat(P).The results show that with the increase of the proportion of peat application,the content of soil organic matter,the conversion rate of soil organic matter,the content of humic acid and the ratio of humic acid to soil organic matter increased at first and then decreased.The 2/3P treatment was the highest,with an increase of 6.47%,63.38%,30.84%,and 22.38%compared to the 0P treatment,respectively,while the content of mineral-bound organic matter,the condensation degree,aromaticity and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio of humic acid increased gradually,and the P treatment even exceeded that of ck.To sum up,when the ratio of corn straw to peat is 1∶2,it has a positive effect on balancing soil activity and stable organic matter formation,making it suitable for soil fertilization.

关 键 词：黑土 活性有机质 稳定性有机质 腐殖质 HA结构 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]