玉米秸秆腐化及炭化材料对土壤有机质转化率和胡敏酸结构的影响  

Effects of Corn Straw Decay and Carbonized Materials on Soil Organic Matter Conversion Rate and Humic Acid Structure

作　　者：周健颖 窦森[1] 任超 张一枫 ZHOU Jianying;DOU Sen;REN Chao;ZHANG Yifeng(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第5期748-754,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077022);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500304);吉林省重点研发项目(20200402098NC)。

摘　　要：为筛选等碳量输入下玉米秸秆及其腐化和炭化材料中,有利于提高土壤有机质转化率(E_(SOM))和改善胡敏酸(HA)结构特征的有机物料,试验按全量还田方式计算施入碳量(1.2万kg/hm^(2)),共设计4个处理,分别为未添加物料(ck),添加玉米秸秆(CS),添加腐熟玉米秸秆(HCS),添加玉米秸秆源生物质炭(Bc),对E_(SOM)及HA结构特征(元素组成、红外光谱、热稳定性和荧光光谱)等方面进行分析。结果表明:施加有机物料2年后,HCS处理的E_(SOM)最高,为70.6%,比CS和Bc处理分别高50.1%,10.1%;HA结构中,HCS处理的H/C和I2920/1620最低,高温与中温质量损失的比值最高,分别为1.01,0.11和3.45,说明HCS能提高HA的分子复杂程度、缩合度及热稳定性。因此,与CS和Bc处理相比,HCS处理更有助于E_(SOM)的提升与HA结构的稳定。To screen for organic materials that are more conducive to enhancing the conservation rate of soil organic matter(E_(SOM))and improving the structural characteristics of humic acid(HA)from corn straw and its decomposed and carbonized materials under the condition of equal carbon input,we calculated the carbon input(12000 kg/hm^(2))according to the full amount return method.Four treatments were designed,including no addition of any material(ck),addition of corn straw(CS),addition of decomposed corn straw(HCS),and addition of corn straw-derived biochar(Bc).The structural characteristics of E_(SOM) and HA(element composition,infrared spectrum,thermal stability and fluorescence spectrum)were analyzed.The results show that:after 2 years of organic material application,the E_(SOM) of HCS was the highest,at 70.6%,which was 50.1%and 10.1%higher than that of CS and Bc treatments,respectively.In the HA structure,the H/C and I2920/1620 of HCS were the lowest,and the ratio of high temperature to medium temperature mass loss was the highest,at 1.01,0.11 and 3.45,respectively,indicating that HCS can improve molecular complexity,condensation degree,and thermal stability of HA.To sum up,compared with CS and Bc treatments,HCS treatment is more helpful to the improvement of E_(SOM) and the stability of HA structure.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 有机质 转化率 胡敏酸 生物质炭 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]