不同耕作方式对黑土团聚体及其有机碳分布特征的影响  

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Distribution Characteristics of Black Soil Aggregates and Their Oorganic Carbon

作　　者：徐子斌 樊丽华 李雷[5] 王鸿斌[1,2,3] 王丽群 隋标[1,2,3] XU Zibin;FAN Lihua;LI Lei;WANG Hongbin;WANG Liqun;SUI Biao(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization in Northeast China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Sus-tainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Commercial Grain Bases,Changchun 130118,China;Bais-han Foreign Language School,Baishan 134300,China;Gongzhuling Station of Quarantine and Plant Protection,Gongzhuling 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(东北内陆盐碱地)重点实验室,长春130118 [3]吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,长春130118 [4]白山市外国语学校,白山134300 [5]吉林省公主岭市植检植保站,公主岭136100

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第5期769-776,共8页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省重点科技攻关项目(20210202023NC),吉林省重大专项(20200503004SF)。

摘　　要：为探究不同耕作方式对黑土肥力变化的影响,通过5年田间连续定位试验,研究传统耕作(ck)、连续5年深翻秸秆还田(T1)、隔年深翻秸秆还田和隔年免耕秸秆覆盖(T2)、连续5年深松秸秆覆盖还田(T3)、连续5年深松秸秆离田(T4)5种耕作方式对黑土团聚体及其有机碳分布特征的影响。结果表明:各处理均能不同程度提高0~20,20~40 cm土层中水稳性大团聚体(≥0.25 mm)含量与团聚体稳定性,其中,T1处理比其他处理更有利于促进土壤大团聚体的形成,最大幅度提高了团聚体稳定性。水稳性大团聚体(≥0.25 mm)含量分别比ck提高14.67%,20.00%,平均重量直径(MWD)提高13.95%,15.10%,几何平均直径(GMD)提高37.95%,44.05%,团聚体破坏率(PAD)降低56.68%,66.99%,各粒级团聚体有机碳含量及大团聚体有机碳贡献率显著提高,即T1处理能有效改善土壤团聚体结构,是提升土壤固碳能力和土壤肥力的有效措施。In order to explore the effects of different tillage methods on black soil fertility,a 5-year continuous field positioning experiment was conducted.The effects of traditional tillage(ck),deep tillage straw returning(T1),alternate year deep tillage straw returning and no-tillage straw mulching(T2),subsoiling,straw mulching(T3),subsoiling and straw leaving(T4)on the distribution characteristics of black soil aggregates and organic carbon were studied.The results showed that each treatment could increase the content of water-stable large aggregates(≥0.25 mm)and aggregate stability in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers to varying degrees.Among them,the treatment of deep turning straw returning to field(T1)was more conducive to the formation of large aggregates than other treatments,and improved the aggregate stability to the greatest extent.Compared with ck,the content of water-stable large aggregate(≥0.25 mm)increased by 14.67%and 20.00%,average weight diameter(MWD)increased by 13.95%and 15.10%,geometric mean diameter(GMD)increased by 37.95%and 44.05%,and aggregate failure rate(PAD)decreased by 56.68%and 66.99%,respectively.The organic carbon content of aggregates and the contribution rate of organic carbon of large aggregates increased significantly.In other words,T1 treatment can effectively improve soil aggregate structure,which is an effective measure to enhance soil carbon sequestration capacity and soil fertility.

关 键 词：耕作方式 黑土 团聚体 有机碳 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]