秸秆还田玉米田土壤酶活性与地下害虫发生量相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Soil Enzyme Activity and Underground Pest Occurrence in Corn Field with Straw Returning

作　　者：刘新雨 程佳 刘硕 赵敏池 韩东昊 袁海滨 LIU Xinyu;CHENG Jia;LIU Shuo;ZHAO Minchi;HAN Donghao;YUAN Haibin(College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学植物保护学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第5期844-849,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300606);农业农村部转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2019ZX08012004-009)。

摘　　要：为探究秸秆还田玉米田对地下害虫发生量的影响,在2019年对吉林省长春市九台区秸秆还田玉米田进行了系统调查,并分析了地下害虫发生量与秸秆还田玉米田土壤酶活性的关系。结果表明:玉米田秸秆还田后,深翻、浅灭茬、全覆盖、富集4种秸秆还田模式下,蛴螬和金针虫的发生数量均高于对照田,且差异显著。0~20 cm土层,深翻、浅灭茬、富集、全覆盖4种秸秆还田模式土壤脲酶活性分别比对照田提高5.81%,70.5%,82.6%,35.7%,土壤过氧化氢酶活性分别比对照田提高22.7%,33.45%,32.88%,106.25%,深翻模式土壤酸性磷酸酶活性与对照田相比提高75.05%,均差异显著,浅灭茬、富集、全覆盖3种秸秆还田模式土壤酸性磷酸酶活性与对照田相比无显著差异;20~40 cm土层,深翻模式土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶分别比对照田提高30.95%,38.5%,77.5%,富集模式土壤脲酶比对照田提高16.3%,均差异显著,其他模式各土壤酶活性与对照田相比无显著差异。通过Pearson相关性分析,0~20 cm土层,土壤脲酶和土壤过氧化氢酶活性与地下害虫发生数量呈正相关,随着土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性提高,地下害虫的发生数量会随之增加,且均呈现显著水平(P<0.05),0~20 cm土壤酸性磷酸酶及20~40 cm土层3种酶活性与地下害虫发生数量相关性较弱,且不显著,此结果为地下害虫的综合治理奠定理论基础。In order to explore the effects of straw returning to corn field on the occurrence of underground pests,in 2019,a systematic survey was conducted on corn fields planted with straw returning in Jiutai region,Changchun city,Jilin province,and the correlation between occurrence of underground pests and soil enzyme activities in the straw returning to corn fields was analyzed.The results showed that the occurrences of grubs and gold needles under four straw returning modes were higher than those in the control field,and the differences were significant.In 0-20 cm soil layer,soil urease activity of deep plowing,shallow stubble,enrichment and full-mulching straw returning modes increased by 5.81%,70.5%,82.6%and 35.7%compared with the control field,soil catalase activity increased by 22.7%,33.45%,32.88%and 106.25%,respectively.Compared with the control field,the activity of soil acid phosphatase in deep plowing mode increased by 75.05%,and there was no significant difference in the three straw returning modes of shallow stubble,enrichment and full-mulching.In 20-40 cm soil layer,the activities of urease,catalase and acid phosphatase in deep plowing mode were 30.95%,38.5%and 77.5%higher than those in the control field,the activity of urease in enrichment model was 16.3%higher than those in the control field,and the difference between all of those and the control field were significant.There was no significant difference in soil enzyme activities between other modes and the control field.Soil urease and soil catalase activities were positively correlated with the number of underground pests in 0-20 cm soil layer through Pearson's Correlation Analysis.While soil urease and catalase activities increased,the number of underground pests would increase and both reached a significant level at P<0.05.The activities of acid phosphatase in 0-20 cm soil layer and three soil enzyme activities in 20-40 cm soil layer had a weak correlation with the number of underground pests,and the differences were not significant.The results of thi

关 键 词：秸秆还田 玉米田 酶活性 地下害虫 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]