铝改性水热炭的制备及其对苏打盐碱土的改良特征  

Preparation of Aluminum Modified Hydrochar and Its Improvement Characteristics for Soda Saline-alkali Soil

作　　者：孙正骁 贾舒然 李明堂[1] 杨晋霞 王一冰 陈元晖 范旭红 SUN Zhengxiao;JIA Shuran;LI Mingtang;YANG Jinxia;WANG Yibing;CHEN Yuan-hui;FAN Xuhong(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Soybean National Engineering Research Center,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changc-hun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院大豆国家工程研究中心,长春130033

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第5期850-859,共10页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20230203013SF);吉林省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110193072)。

摘　　要：化学改性是一种提高水热炭自身性能的常用方法,但将水热炭进行改性并应用于土壤改良的研究较少。以木耳菌糠为原料,在硫酸铝溶液介质中制备出铝改性水热炭,通过土壤培养试验,将铝改性水热炭对苏打盐碱土的改良效果与原水热炭进行比较。结果表明:铝改性水热炭具有更加良好的表面结构和丰富的含氧官能团,亲水性更强,比表面积更大,pH更低。铝改性水热炭在苏打盐碱土中的分布相对均匀,并不存在原水热炭容易上浮至土壤表面的问题。原水热炭和铝改性水热炭使苏打盐碱土的pH分别降低了0.38和0.83个单位,阳离子交换量分别提升了26.95%和37.81%,碱化度分别下降了6.71%和27.27%,CO_(3)^(2-)含量分别下降了35.56%和71.11%,HCO_(3)^(-)含量分别下降了19.59%和77.72%,有效磷含量分别增加了22.77%和54.37%,碱解氮含量分别增加了62.03%和94.93%,速效钾含量分别增加了11.22%和17.85%,交换性Ca^(2+)含量分别提高了30.74%和50.65%,交换性Mg2+含量分别提高了24.09%和39.19%,说明铝改性水热炭具有更好的改良苏打盐碱土的潜力,在苏打盐碱土改良方面具有重要的应用价值。Chemical modification is a common method to improve the properties of hydrochar,but there are relatively few researches on the modification of hydrochar and its application in soil improvement.In this study,aluminum modified hydrochar was prepared in aluminum sulfate solution with fungus bran as raw material.The improvement effect of aluminum modified hydrochar on sodaalkali soil was compared with that of raw hydrochar through soil culture experiment.The results showed that aluminum modified hydrochar has better surface structure,abundant oxygen-containing functional groups,stronger hydrophilicity,larger specific surface area and lower pH value.The distribution of aluminum modified hydrochar in soda saline-alkali soil is relatively uniform and there is no problem of raw hydrothermal carbon easily floating to the soil surface.pH value of soda saline-alkali soil decreased by 0.38 and 0.83 units,cation exchange capacity increased by 26.95%and 37.81%,alkalinitydegree decreased by 6.71%and 27.27%,and CO_(3)^(2-)content decreased by 35.56%and 71.11%,respectively.The content of HCO3-decreased by 19.59%and 77.72%,the content of available phosphorus increased by 22.77%and 54.37%,the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased by 62.03%and 94.93%,and the content of available potassium increased by 11.22%and 17.85%,respectively.The content of exchangeable Ca^(2+)increased by 30.74%and 50.65%,respectively,and the content of exchangeable Mg2+increased by 24.09%and 39.19%,respectively,indicating that aluminum modified hydrochar has better potential for improving soda saline-alkali soil,and important application value in the improvement of soda saline-alkali soil.

关 键 词：苏打盐碱土 铝改性水热炭 改良特征 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]