粘细菌菌株E10的分离鉴定及其拮抗致病疫霉活性物质发酵条件的优化  

Isolation and Identification of A Myxobacterial Strain E10 and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Its Metabolites Against Phytophthora infestans

作　　者：刘雅萍 张玉 丁一秀 李俊达 尚少杰 赵晓静 刘涛 候可心 高艳东 王宁斌 刘惠荣[2] LIU Ya-Ping;ZHANG Yu;DING Yi-Xiu;LI Jun-Da;SHANG Shao-Jie;ZHAO Xiao-Jing;LIU Tao;HOU Ke-Xin;GAO Yan-Dong;WANG Ning-Bin;LIU Hui-Rong(Yakeshi City Senfeng Potato Industry Limited Liability Company,Hulun Buir 021008,China;College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]牙克石市森峰薯业有限责任公司,呼伦贝尔021008 [2]内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第12期2870-2881,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260696,31370058);内蒙古自治区科技计划(2021GG0079)。

摘　　要：粘细菌(myxobacteria)是一类具有独特地位的高级原核生物,其代谢产物丰富、多样。致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)是马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)晚疫病的病原菌,每年造成我国马铃薯产业损失10%~30%,粘细菌具有显著的拮抗致病疫霉活性,因此从粘细菌代谢产物中筛选具有拮抗致病疫霉的活性物质具有重要研究价值。本研究从鄂尔多斯地区的土壤样品中分离粘细菌,并检测分离菌株的拮抗致病疫霉活性,通过形态学及分子生物学方法对菌株进行鉴定,并通过正交实验设计探究菌株产抗致病疫霉活性物质的最适发酵条件以及添加大孔树脂吸附对粘细菌代谢产物活性的影响。结果表明,分离到的菌株E10具有高抗致病疫霉活性,抑菌圈直径为26 mm,菌落呈现出圆形扩展、边缘波浪状,子实体为黄色或橙红色,呈山脊状突起,有珊瑚状分枝,该菌株为弱小珊瑚球菌(Corallococcus exiguus),MD1培养基为菌株最适发酵培养基,32℃、NaCl浓度为0、发酵11 d为菌株最适发酵条件,添加大孔树脂可以有效吸附发酵液中抗致病疫霉活性物质并增加活性产物的合成从而增加其抑菌能力。该研究对抗马铃薯晚疫病及生物农药的研发具有重要的意义。Myxobacteria are a group of higher prokaryotes with abundant and diverse metabolites.Phytophthora infestans is a pathogen of potato(Solanum tuberosum)late blight,which causes 10%~30%loss of potato industry in China every year.Myxobacteria have significant antagonistic activity against P.infestans,so it is of great research value to screen the active substances with antagonistic activity against P.infestans from the metabolites of myxobacteria.In this study,myxobacteria were isolated from soil samples in Ordos area and their antagonistic activity against P.infestans was detected.Then,the strains were identified by morphological and molecular biological methods,and the optimal fermentation conditions for the strains to produce the active substances against P.infestans and the effect of macroporous resin adsorption on the activity of myxobacterial metabolites were investigated by orthogonal experimental design.The results showed that the isolated strain E10 had a strong antagonistic activity against P.infestans,the diameter of the inhibition zone was 26 mm,the colony was circular and expanding,the edge was wavy,the fruiting body was yellow or orange-red,ridge-like protrusions,and coral-like branches.The strain belonged to Corallococcus exiguus.MD1 medium was the optimal fermentation medium for the strain,and 32℃,0 concentration of NaCl and fermentation for 11 d were the optimal fermentation conditions for the strain.The addition of macroporous resin could effectively adsorb the active substances against P.infestans in the fermentation broth and increase the synthesis of these products,thus increasing their antagonistic ability.This study is of great significance for the future research and development of biopesticides against potato late blight.

关 键 词：粘细菌 分离鉴定 致病疫霉 代谢产物 发酵条件优化 

分 类 号：S482.7[农业科学—农药学] Q939.9[农业科学—植物保护]