城市公共医疗设施分布的社会公平绩效评价及优化策略研究--以合肥市主城区为例  

Research on Social Justice Performance Evaluation and Optimization Strategy of Urban Public Medical Facilities Distribution:A Case Study of the Main Urban Area of Hefei City

作　　者：顾大治[1] 惠强 郑志元[1] 张世连 GU Dazhi;HUI Qiang;ZHENG Zhiyuan;ZHANG Shilian

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2024年第11期53-60,共8页Modern Urban Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(20YJAZH030)。

摘　　要：公共医疗服务设施作为城市医疗卫生用地的空间实体,其位置分布与规模分配的合理性直接反映了居民获得医疗资源的公平性。文章以社会公平为切入点,对合肥市主城区公共医疗服务设施数据进行核密度分析,发现其空间分布总体呈现“核心集聚,周边分散”的多中心格局;在主城区公共医疗资源社会绩效总体评价层面,采用基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线进行分析,发现主城区公立医院资源在常住人口间的分配存在一定差异,但总体上处于较为平均的状态;使用网格化高斯两步移动搜索法进一步对其进行空间可达性与公平性测度,归纳出公平性极高和公平性极低两类异常空间单元。在此基础上,基于生活圈理念,以城市拓展区、开发区及城市新区为例提出基层医疗设施布局的优化策略。Public medical service facilities represent vital components of the urban healthcare landscape,and the rationality of their location,distribution,and scale allocation directly influences the accessibility of medical resources for residents.This article places a strong emphasis on social equity and employs kernel density analysis to examine the distribution of public medical service facilities within the main urban area of Hefei city.The analysis reveals a predominant spatial pattern in the city's main urban area,characterized by“agglomeration in the core and dispersion in the periphery”To assess the overall level of social performance in urban public medical resource allocation,we employ the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve.It is found that while there are certain disparities in the distribution of public hospital resources among the permanent population in the main urban area,the situation is generally equitable.To measure spatial accessibility and equity,we utilize the gridded Gaussian method and a two-step mobile search approach.This analysis identifies two categories of spatial units:those with extremely high fairness and those with extremely low fairness.Building upon these findings,we propose an optimization strategy that leverages the concept of living circles.We use examples from urban expansion areas,development zones,and new urban areas to put forward the optimization strategy the layout of primarymedical facilities.

关 键 词：公共医疗设施 社会公平绩效 高斯两步移动搜索法 合肥市主城区 

分 类 号：TU984.11[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]