盐胁迫对水稻幼苗生长发育及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Salt Stress on the Growth,Development and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings

作　　者：杨娅坤 赵艳 李亮锴 吴秀茹 赵飞 刘建 张欣 李萍 施利利 郭超 唐占兵 Yang Yakun;Zhao Yan;Li Liangkai;Wu Xiuru;Zhao Fei;Liu Jian;Zhang Xin;Li Ping;Shi Lili;Guo Chao;Tang Zhanbing(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin,300384;College of Basic Science,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin,300384;Sinochem Agricul Ture Holdings Tianjin Technical Service Center,Tianjin,300383)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384 [2]天津农学院基础科学学院,天津300384 [3]中化现代农业有限公司天津技术服务中心,天津300383

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第23期7803-7810,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：天津市科学技术局农村科技帮扶工程(19ZXBTSN00160);天津市科技计划项目(21YFSNSN00100)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探究盐胁迫下优质米品种的生理响应,本研究以‘津原U99’和‘津川1号’两个粳稻品种进行水培试验,采用NaCl模拟盐胁迫环境,设置0(CK)、10、20、30、40、50 mmol/L 6个浓度处理测定了苗高、根长生长指标及叶片丙二醛、叶绿素含量、气孔特性等生理指标变化情况。结果表明:NaCl胁迫下苗高、根长、幼苗鲜重显著降低;40、50 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,丙二醛含量增加,细胞膜透性显著升高至49.70%;叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量下降;气孔长度、面积显著减小,密度显著增加了50%,最高达141个/mm2,保卫细胞表面皱缩凹陷。本研究揭示了盐胁迫影响水稻幼苗地上、地下部的伸长;过氧化作用使得细胞膜透性增大;叶绿素降解,气孔关闭、表面皱缩减少了水分流失,抑制蒸腾作用,以利于维持幼苗生长。In order to explore the physiological response of high-quality rice varieties under salt stress,two japonica rice varieties'Jinyuan U99'and'Jinchuan No.1'were used for hydroponic culture experiment.NaCl was used to simulate the salt stress environment,and six concentrations of 0(CK),10,20,30,40 and 50 mmol/L were set to determine the growth indexes of seedling height,root length,malondialdehyde,chlorophyll content and stoma characteristics and other physiological indicators.The results showed that seedling height,root length and seedling fresh weight decreased significantly under NaCl stress.Under 40 and 50 mmol/L NaCl stress,the content of malondialdehyde increased and the cell membrane permeability increased significantly to 49.70%.The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased.The length and area of stomata decreased significantly,the density increased by 50%,up to 141/mm2,and the surface of guard cells shrank and concave.This study revealed that salt stress affected the elongation of aboveground and underground parts of rice seedlings;peroxidation increased the permeability of cell membrane;chlorophyll degradation,stomatal closure and surface shrinkage reduce water loss and inhibit transpiration,which is conducive to maintaining seedling growth.

关 键 词：水稻 盐胁迫 生理特性 生长发育 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]