河北省苹果生长季极端干旱时空特征  

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Extreme Drought in Apple Growing Season in Hebei Province During 1981-2020

作　　者：贾桂梅[1,2] 李春强 王蓉蓉 张艳菊[1,2] JIA Guimei;LI Chunqiang;WANG Rongrong;ZHANG Yanju(Baoding Meteorological Office,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Laboratory of intelligent Monitoring and Service on Ecological Meteorology of Baoding,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Hebei Meteorological Institutes,Shijiazhuang 050021,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]保定市气象局,河北保定071000 [2]保定市生态气象智能检测与服务重点实验室,河北保定071000 [3]河北省气象科学研究所,石家庄050021

出　　处：《农学学报》2024年第11期64-71,共8页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：河北省气象局科研项目“河北省红富士苹果气候品质评价技术研究”(20ky21);中国气象局公共气象服务中心创新基金项目“旅游康养气候资源评价和发掘技术研究——以京津冀地区为例”(M2023008)。

摘　　要：本研究深入探讨了河北省苹果种植面临的极端干旱情况,旨在通过分析其时空变化趋势和特征,为河北省苹果产区科学灌溉提供理论依据,进而促进地方特色农业的发展和水资源的有效利用。研究基于河北省142个地面气象站的资料,运用地表湿润指数和小波分析方法,对1981—2020年间近40a苹果生长季极端干旱时空特征进行了综合研究。结果表明:(1)时间变化上,近40a来,河北省苹果生长季极端干旱发生频数年均0.7~3.5次。苹果生长季内各生长期极端干旱发生次数从高到低依次为:初始生长期(萌芽—开花期)、生长后期、果实着色期、幼果期、果实膨大期。年代际间,1980s最高,2000s最低,2010s呈现回升的趋势。(2)空间分布上,苹果生长季干旱发生总次数呈现东北部少、西北和中南部多的特征,年内各物候期,极端干旱发生次数南部地区高于北部地区,但果实膨大期、生长后期极端干旱发生次数高值区集中在冀西北地区。全省范围极端干旱的变化周期为4~8、7~11、16~20a。极端干旱频数在苹果幼果期、生长后期于2010s呈现回升趋势,生产上应引起关注和重视。The apple planting area and output of Hebei Province are the top in the country,and the temporal and spatial variation trends and characteristics of extreme drought in Hebei Province are analyzed,in order to provide a theoretical basis for scientific irrigation in apple producing areas,and promote the development of local characteristic agriculture and the effective utilization of water resources.Based on the data of 142 ground weather stations in Hebei Province,this paper used surface wetness index and wavelet analysis to study the temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme drought in the apple growing season in Hebei Province in the past 40 years(1981-2020),including the frequency,total number of occurrences and cyclical changes of extreme drought.The results showed that:(1)in terms of time changes,the frequency of extreme drought in the apple growing season in Hebei Province had averaged 0.7-3.5 times per year in the past 40 years.The occurrence of extreme drought in each growing period of apple growing season in descending order was as follows:initial growth period(germination-flowering stage),late growth stage,fruit coloration stage,young fruit stage,and fruit expansion period.Between the decades,the 1980s were the highest,the 2000s were the lowest,and the 2010s showed a recovery trend.(2)In terms of spatial distribution,the total number of droughts in the apple growing season showed the characteristics of less in the northeast and more in the northwest and central and southern regions,and the number of extreme droughts in the southern region was higher than that in the northern region during each phenological period during the year,but the high-value areas of extreme drought occurrence in the fruit expansion period and the late growth period were concentrated in the northwest Hebei region.The variation period of extreme drought in the province was 4-8 a,7-11 a,16-20 a.The frequency of extreme drought showed a recovery trend in the young fruit stage and late growth stage of apples in the 2010s,which sho

关 键 词：河北省 苹果 极端干旱 湿润指数 时空分布 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]