海南槟榔生产比较优势及其布局变迁分析  

Analysis of Comparative Advantage and Layout Changes of Betel Nut Production in Hainan Province

作　　者：王成丽[1] 孙海燕[1] 孟猛[1] WANG Chengli;SUN Haiyan;MENG Meng(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Applied Research on Tropical Crop Information Technology of Hainan Province,Haikou 571101,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所/海南省热带作物信息技术应用研究重点实验室,海口571101

出　　处：《农学学报》2024年第11期72-79,共8页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目“海南省槟榔生产托管服务模式研究”(722QN370);2023年度海南省哲学社会科学规划课题“基于供给侧视角的海南农业社会化服务创新研究”[HNSK(ZC)23-156]。

摘　　要：近年来,海南省槟榔种植业发展迅速,产业调整与优化将是其未来发展重点,合理的生产区域布局对于海南槟榔产业可持续发展至关重要。运用区域比较优势指数和资源禀赋系数分析海南各市县2005—2022年槟榔生产的时空演变特征及其驱动因素。结果显示,海南槟榔种植规模大幅提高,但单产下降明显,综合比较优势指数和资源禀赋系数的测算结果表现为较强的一致性,中部地区琼中、定安、保亭、屯昌等市县槟榔生产比较优势较强,是海南省槟榔生产布局的重点区域。东部传统种植区领先优势正在逐步减弱,西部地区整体缺乏比较优势,但上升趋势明显。海南槟榔生产呈现东退西进中部保优格局,布局变迁的驱动因素主要包括较高的经济利益刺激、高产栽培管理技术的扩散和黄化病等病虫害蔓延。建议合理调整槟榔生产布局、适度控制槟榔种植规模、强化社会化服务、明确食用槟榔制品监管政策、加快推动槟榔产业转型升级。In recent years,the betel nut planting industry in Hainan Province has developed rapidly.Industrial adjustment and optimization will be the focus of its future development,and a reasonable production area layout is crucial for the sustainable development of the betel nut industry in Hainan.Using regional comparative advantage index and resource endowment coefficient,this study analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of betel nut production in various cities and counties in Hainan from 2005 to 2022.The results showed that the scale of betel nut cultivation in Hainan had significantly increased,but the yield had significantly decreased.The calculated results of the comprehensive comparative advantage index and resource endowment coefficient showed strong consistency.The central regions of Qiongzhong,Ding'an,Baoting,and Tunchang had stronger comparative advantages in betel nut production,which were key areas for the production layout in Hainan.The leading advantage of traditional planting areas in the east was gradually weakening,while the overall western region lacked comparative advantages but showed a clear upward trend.The production of betel nuts in Hainan presents a pattern of retreating in the east,advancing in the west,and maintaining dominance in the center.The driving factors of spatial-temporal evolution mainly include higher economic benefits,the diffusion of high-yield cultivation and management techniques,and the spread of diseases and pests such as yellowing disease.It is recommended to reasonably adjust the layout of betel nut production,moderately control of planting scale,strengthen socialized services,clarify the regulatory policies for edible betel nut products,and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the betel nut industry.

关 键 词：槟榔 生产布局 产业发展 比较优势 海南省 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]