无锡市浅层地下水的化学影响因子及贡献率解析  

Chemical influence factors and contribution rate in shallow groundwater of Wuxi City

作　　者：李亮[1,2] 周锴锷 李洁[1,2] 龚建师 檀梦皎 张飞[1,2] 朱应新 刘林 叶永红[1,2] LI Liang;ZHOU Kaie;LI Jie;GONG Jianshi;TAN Mengjiao;ZHANG Fei;ZHU Yingxin;LIU Lin;YE Yonghong(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes,Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210016,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016 [2]自然资源部流域生态地质过程重点实验室,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《华东地质》2024年第4期440-451,共12页East China Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局“沙颖河-涡河流域水文地质调查(编号:DD20190354)”和“长江流域下游水文地质与水资源调查监测(编号:DD20221756)”项目联合资助

摘　　要：地下水化学影响因子的准确判断是地下水污染评价等级划分、治理方案选择和治理目标确立的重要依据。文章以无锡市67组浅层地下水样品为研究对象,利用数理统计、因子分析和绝对因子得分-多元线性回归分析模型对地下水化学影响因子进行解析,结果显示:①无锡市浅层地下水质量等级评价中Ⅲ类水占比53.7%,超Ⅲ类水占比46.3%,超标离子依次为COD、NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-),表明地下水受到了外界环境的影响;②地下水类型共9种,以HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Na型、HCO_(3)^(-)Ca型和HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na型为主,占样品总数的76.1%,表明地下水化学优势离子明显,即影响因子较为集中;③通过因子分析法筛选出该区影响地下水化学的3大公因子,即自然演化影响因子F1、工业生产影响因子F2和农业生产影响因子F3,累计方差贡献率为76.05%,它们对地下水化学指标的综合贡献率分别为57.44%、27.62%和14.94%,说明自然演化是地下水主要化学组分的主控因素,工业、农业活动对可能造成地下水污染的化学组分影响较大,且工业活动的影响大于农业活动。地下水化学指标实测浓度与绝对因子得分-多元线性回归分析模型的预测浓度具有较好的一致性,表明该方法适用于地下水化学影响因子解析。Accurate assessment of the chemical factors influencing groundwater is crucial to classify ground-water pollution,select appropriate treatment schemes and set treatment objectives.This study analyzes 67 groups of shallow groundwater samples from Wuxi city in Jiangsu Province by using mathematical statistics,factor anal-ysis,and an absolute factor score-multiple linear regression model.The findings are as follows:Firstly,regarding the quality grade of shallow groundwater in Wuxi,Class III water constitutes 53.7%of the samples,while ultra-Class III water accounts for 46.3%.The ions exceeding standards are COD,NH_(4)^(+),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-)in sequence.Secondly,the groundwater can be categorized into 9 types,with HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Na,HCO_(3)^(-)Ca and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na types predominating,representing 76.1%of the total samples.Thirdly,three major chemical influence factors in the groundwater chemical index system—natural evolution(F1),industrial production(F2)and agricultural pro-duction(F3)—account for 76.05%of the cumulative variance contribution rate,with their comprehensive contri-butions being 57.44%,27.62%and 14.94%,respectively.The results indicate that the measured concentrations of groundwater chemical index closely match the predicted concentrations derived from the absolute factor score and multiple linear regression model,demonstrating the method’s effectiveness in analyzing the chemical factors influencing groundwater.

关 键 词：无锡市 浅层地下水 影响因子解析 因子分析 绝对因子得分 回归分析 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]