刑事诉讼中印证与心证的结合模式研究——以认知心理学为研究进路  

A Study on the Combination Model of Verification and Intuition in the Criminal Procedure——Taking Cognitive Psychology as the Research Approach

作　　者：胡宇清[1] 郇义超 覃霞 HU Yuqing;HUAN Yichao;QIN Xia(Law School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan 411100,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411100

出　　处：《保定学院学报》2024年第6期56-62,共7页Journal of Baoding University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“大数据时代刑案事实认定的经验法则运用规则研究”(19BFX089)。

摘　　要：印证和心证作为证据分析与事实认定的重要方式,均属于法官的认知心理范畴。就认知心理学而言,印证的优势是外部自洽性和可重复检验性,有利于获取更多认知资源和超额权重,准确表征问题;印证的局限是证明要求刚性过强,可能导致信息加工过程失衡,不利于启发式策略的运用,导致问题无解。心证的优势是灵活性与适用性较强,有利于发挥建构作用,提供更多解决方案;心证的不足是证明方式主观性较强,有可能导致认知偏差,不利于准确表征问题。印证与心证在认知方式上存在优势互补效应,二者的结合应当从信息加工的输入、处理和输出三个环节进行。Verification and intuition,as important ways of evidence analysis and fact determination,both fall within the cognitive psychological domain of judges.From the perspective of cognitive psychology,the advantage of verification lies in its extermal consistency and repeatability,which is conducive to acquiring more cognitive resources and overweight,accurately representing the problem.The limitation of verification is that the proof requirement is too rigid,which may lead to an imbalance in the information processing process,and is not conducive to the use of heuristic strategies,leading to an unsolvable problem.The advantage of intuition lies in its flexibility and applicability,which is conducive to playing a constructive role and providing more solutions;the disadvantage of intuition is that its proof method is subjective,which may lead to cognitive biases and is not conducive to accurately representing the problem.The cognitive patterns of verification and intuition have a complementary effect on each other,and the combination of the two should be carried out from the input,processing,and output of information processing.

关 键 词：印证 心证 认知心理规律 大数据 经验法则 刑事诉讼 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]