SPF鸡育雏期加热方式的选择  

Selection of heating method for SPF chickens during their breeding period

作　　者：张伟[1] 于海波[1] 杨鸣发 王园园 李昌文[1] 夏长友[1] ZHANG Wei;YU Haibo;YANG Mingfa;WANG Yuanyuan;LI Changwen;XIA Changyou(Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine,State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,国家禽类实验动物资源库,动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,黑龙江省实验动物与比较医学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2024年第12期29-34,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0710500)。

摘　　要：旨在通过对存活率、增重、体重均匀度3个可以衡量育雏好坏的关键指标的对比,选择出1种对SPF雏鸡生长更为有利的加热方式。将480只1日龄SPF雏鸡分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复40只,分别放置在采用翘片管(翘片管组)、黄光红外灯泡(黄光组)、暖风机(暖风机组)、红光红外灯泡(红光组)加热方式的隔离器内,饲养至28日龄,在育雏期间(0~4周龄)每周统计动物存活率、平均增重及体重均匀度。结果:黄光组4周的存活率为95%,其他3组的4周存活率为100%,表明黄光组的存活率最低;增重方面,翘片管组和暖风机组的4周累计增重显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);体重均匀度方面,暖风机组和红光组均为80%,高于其他两组;为确定差异产生的原因,对各组隔离器内部的平均温度、温度均匀度和平均照度进行了检测,4组平均温度差异不显著(P>0.05),但是翘片管组的最大温差明显大于其他3组;平均照度方面,黄光组和红光组显著高于翘片管组和暖风机组(P<0.05)。综上,通过多个指标的比较研究提示,暖风机组温度均匀度好、光照强度最佳,SPF雏鸡的存活率高、平均增重多、体重均匀度好,不损害饲养员职业健康,安全经济方面也较好,是SPF鸡育雏比较理想的加热方式。This study was to compare three key indicators that could measure the qualities of chick rearing,namely survival rate,weight gain,and body weight uniformity;and to select a heating method that would be more favorable for the growth of SPF chicks.4801-day-old SPF chicks were used and divided into 4 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 40 chicks in each replicate.The chicks were placed in i⁃solation devices using heating methods such as curling tube(the curling tube group),yellow light infrared bulb(the yellow light group),warm air fan(the warm air group),and red light infrared bulb(the red light group);and they were raised until 28 days of age.In the rea⁃ring period(0-4 weeks of age),the survival rate,average weight gain,and body weight uniformity of the chicks were recorded weekly.The results were as follows:The 4-week survival rate of the yellow light group was 95%,while the 4-week survival rate of the other 3 groups was 100%,indicating that the yellow light group had the lowest survival rate.In terms of weight gain,the 4-week cumulative weight gain of the curled tube group and the warm air unit group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).In terms of weight uniformity,both the warm air groups and the red light group were 80%,higher than that of the other two groups.To determine the cause of the differ⁃ences,the average temperature,temperature uniformity,and average illuminance inside each group of the isolators were tested.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the average temperature among the four groups(P>0.05),but the maximum temperature difference in the curved tube group was significantly greater than that in the other three groups.In terms of average illumination,the yellow and red light groups were significantly higher than the curved tube group and the warm air unit group(P<0.05).The comparative study of the indicators herein suggested that the warm air unit had good temperature uniformity,optimal light intensity,high survival rate,average weight

关 键 词：SPF鸡 育雏 加热方式 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]