猪源荚膜血清F型多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定与致病性分析  

Isolation,identification and experimental pathogenicity of capsule serogroup F Pasteurella multocida from swine

作　　者：张国良 吴营霞 高盛果 高志远 赵旭冉 孙哲 张云静 田克恭 ZHANG Guoliang;WU Yingxia;GAO Shengguo;GAO Zhiyuan;ZHAO Xuran;SUN Zhe;ZHANG Yunjing;TIAN Kegong(National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家兽用药品工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2024年第12期65-73,共9页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：郑洛新国家自主创新示范区创新引领型产业集群专项(201200211200)。

摘　　要：旨在通过对猪源F型多杀性巴氏杆菌临床分离株进行免疫原性和毒力相关的基因鉴定、小鼠毒力试验、猪只致病性研究及药敏试验,以期进一步认识F型多杀性巴氏杆菌的毒力和致病性,为其亚单位疫苗的研发、临床防控及治疗用药提供参考依据。通过细菌分离培养、革兰染色、生化鉴定、种属和荚膜血清型PCR鉴定、基因测序、免疫原性和毒力相关基因PCR检测等方法进行细菌鉴定,并分别在小鼠和猪上进行毒力试验和致病性研究。结果:分离到1株荚膜血清F型多杀性巴氏杆菌并命名为F-HN-2301株;F-HN-2301株对小鼠的毒力较强,腹腔注射465、48和6 CFU/只时,小鼠在感染后24~50 h内全部死亡;F-HN-2301株对猪的致病力也较强,耳缘静脉和气管注射攻毒2.72×10^(10)CFU/头时,均可引起猪只出现体温升高、精神不振、食欲废绝、呼吸困难等临床表现,其中耳缘静脉组猪只攻毒后18~24 h内全部死亡,气管注射组猪只攻毒后24~48 h内60%死亡,而耳缘静脉注射比气管注射攻毒途径发病更快、死亡率更高;药敏试验显示F-HN-2301株对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、头孢噻呋等9种药物高敏。综上,荚膜血清F型多杀性巴氏杆菌对猪有强致病性,养殖企业和科研者应关注其在临床上的危害性和流行趋势。The aim of this study was to identify a strain of Pasteurella multocida of capsule serotype F by bacterial isolation;Gram staining;biochemical identification;PCR identification of species,capsule serotype of Pasteurella multocida and main virulence factors-associated genes;and sequencing analysis,in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis,preventive vaccine research and development,and clinical therapeutic drugs application.The strain was named F-HN-2301.Then,mice were used and were intra-abdominally infected with 465,48,6 CFU of the F-HN-2301 strain;and the mice all died within 24-50 hours after the infection.The virulence tests of mice showed that the F-HN-2301 strain of capsule serogroup F Pasteurella multocida exhibited higher virulence.The pathogenicity test of pigs showed that in⁃travenous or tracheal injection of 2.72×10^(10)CFU induced clinical manifestations such as elevated body temperature,mental depression,loss of appetite,and dyspnea.All of the intravenously injected pigs died in 18 to 24 hours,and 60%of the tracheal-injected pigs died in 24 to 48 hours.These results showed that the F-HN-2301 strain also had strong pathogenicity to pigs.Intravenous injection was the faster and higher mortality than tracheal injection.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the bacterium was highly sensitive to 9 drugs such as ampicil⁃lin,amoxicillin and ceftiofur.These results showed that Pasteurella multocida capsule serogroup F was highly pathogenic to pigs,suggesting that pig-breeding companies and researchers should pay attention to its clinical harm and epidemic trend.

关 键 词：多杀性巴氏杆菌 荚膜血清F型 分离鉴定 致病性 

分 类 号：S855[农业科学—临床兽医学]