浙江省宠物源性大肠埃希菌感染的流行病学调查  

An epidemiological investigation of Escherichia coli infection in companion animals in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：熊潘锋 琚晓阳 严泽琳 雷蕾 张嵘 XIONG Panfeng;JU Xiaoyang;YAN Zelin;LEI Lei;ZHANG Rong(Laboratory of Animal Preventive Medicine and Public Health,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Clinical Microbiology Laboratory,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学动物预防医学与公共卫生实验室,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院检验科微生物室,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2024年第12期91-96,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800403)。

摘　　要：旨在了解浙江省宠物源性大肠埃希菌对抗菌药物的耐药性及流行分布特征。本研究分别从1家宠物医院和3家宠物美容院采集患病和健康宠物的肛门拭子标本分离大肠埃希菌;采用微量肉汤稀释法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验,使用含有美罗培南的筛选平板和胶体金试验复查耐碳青霉烯类大肠埃希菌(CREC),PCR扩增检测mcr-1和bla_(CTX-M)型基因;采用全基因组测序分析CREC、mcr-1阳性的大肠埃希菌(MCRPEC)和产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌(ESBL-EC)的耐药特征。结果:共分离得到83株大肠埃希菌,其中患病宠物中分离的大肠埃希菌对阿米卡星、环丙沙星、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、氨曲南、头孢噻肟和头孢他啶的耐药率显著高于健康宠物(P<0.05);在83株分离株中,检出39株产CTX-M酶的ESBL-EC,以CTX-M-15(16株)和CTX-M-14(22株)为主;分离到两株产NDM-5碳青霉烯酶的CREC和一株携带mcr-1.1基因的MCRPEC。综上,宠物可能成为耐药菌的携带者和传播者,对人类健康造成潜在威胁。To comprehend the antimicrobial resistance and epidemiological distribution patterns of Escherichia coli from companion animals in Zhejiang Province,we collected anal swabs from both healthy and sick pets at three pet grooming salons and a pet hospital,respectively.Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted using the broth microdilution method.Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli(CREC)was screened through China Blue plates containing meropenem.Immunochromatographic CARBA-5 assay was conducted to identify carbapenema⁃ses.The PCR method was applied to the detection of the mcr-1 and bla_(CTX-M) genes.Resistance genes,plasmid replicons and MLST of CREC,mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli(MCRPEC),and ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli(ESBL-EC)were identified using whole ge⁃nome sequencing and bioinformation analysis.The results were as follows:83 strains of Escherichia coli were identified.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli isolated from the sick pets to amikacin,ciprofloxacin,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,aztreonam,cefotaxime and ceftazidime were significantly higher than those from the healthy pets.Among the 83 isolates,39 strains produced CTX-M enzyme,mainly CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-14.Additionally,two CREC strains producing NDM-5 and one MCRPEC strain carrying the mcr-1.1 gene were isolated.The study highlighted the role of companion animals as carriers and spreaders of drug-resistant bacteria,potentially posing a threat to human health.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 宠物 耐碳青霉烯类 mcr-1.1 CTX-M 

分 类 号：S858.93[农业科学—临床兽医学]