陆相页岩沉积学研究进展与发展方向——以大庆古龙页岩为例  

Advances and trends of non-marine shale sedimentology:A case study from Gulong Shale of Daqing Oilfield,Songliao Basin,NE China

作　　者：孙龙德 朱如凯 张天舒[1,2] 蔡毅 冯子辉[1] 白斌 江航 王浡 SUN Longde;ZHU Rukai;ZHANG Tianshu;CAI Yi;FENG Zihui;BAI Bin;JIANG Hang;WANG Bo(National Key Laboratory for Multi-resource Collaborated Green Development of Continental Shale Oil,Daqing 163712,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;CNPC Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoirs,Beijing 100083,China;Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油油气储层重点实验室,北京100083 [4]北京大学,北京100871

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第6期1183-1198,共16页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42090020、42090025);黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(2021ZXJ01A09);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2019E2601)。

摘　　要：以松辽盆地上白垩统青山口组古龙页岩为解剖实例,通过古湖平面恢复重建、纹层类型与岩相垂向组合、沉积演化阶段及控制因素等方面的探讨,对青山口组沉积期湖盆水体深度旋回变化、古气候、陆源碎屑供应强度进行研究。在此基础上,进一步研究岩相组构对含油性的影响、储集性能与岩相组构的关系、不同岩相类型力学性质的差异、不同岩相类型页岩油的赋存状态及可动性,为页岩油富集层和富集区的评价提供依据。未来陆相页岩沉积学的重要发展方向是在沉积岩石学和石油地质学基础上建立交叉学科,研究内容涉及搬运、沉积、水生、成岩、演化等过程的物理、化学和生物作用方式,以及这些过程中矿物、有机质、孔隙、流体、相态等分布特征和演化规律。需重点关注以下8个研究方向:陆相页岩层系层序格架下的岩相和有机质分布预测、沉积过程正演模拟与页岩层系岩相古地理、陆相页岩纹层的成因及纹层组合的测井响应识别、页岩中有机质来源与富集过程、基于刚性颗粒+塑性组分+孔缝三端元的陆相页岩新划分方案的建立、多场作用下页岩成岩过程中的有机-无机作用机制、页岩储层多尺度表征新方法与智能岩心技术、页岩储层非均质性定量评价与智能分析系统等理论技术发展方向。This study took the Gulong Shale in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,NE China,as an example.Through paleolake-level reconstruction and comprehensive analyses on types of lamina,vertical associations of lithofacies,as well as stages and controlling factors of sedimentary evolution,the cyclic changes of waters,paleoclimate,and continental clastic supply intensity in the lake basin during the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation were discussed.The impacts of lithofacies compositions/structures on oil-bearing property,the relation between reservoir performance and lithofacies compositions/structures,the differences of lithofacies in mechanical properties,and the shale oil occurrence and movability in different lithofacies were investigated.The insights of this study provide a significant guideline for evaluation of shale oil enrichment layers/zones.The non-marine shale sedimentology is expected to evolve into an interdisciplinary science on the basis of sedimentary petrology and petroleum geology,which reveals the physical,chemical and biological actions,and the distribution characteristics and evolution patterns of minerals,organic matters,pores,fluid,and phases,in the transportation,sedimentation,water-rock interaction,diagenesis and evolution processes.Such research will focus on eight aspects:lithofacies and organic matter distribution prediction under a sequence stratigraphic framework for non-marine shale strata;lithofacies paleogeography of shale strata based on the forward modeling of sedimentation;origins of non-marine shale lamina and log-based identification of lamina combinations;source of organic matter in shale and its enrichment process;non-marine shale lithofacies classification by rigid particles+plastic components+pore-fracture system;multi-field coupling organic-inorganic interaction mechanism in shale diagenesis;new methods and intelligent core technology for shale reservoir multi-scale characterization;and quantitative evaluation and intelligent analysis system

关 键 词：陆相页岩沉积学 页岩层系岩相古地理 有机-无机作用机制 智能岩心技术 白垩系青山口组 古龙页岩 松辽盆地 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]