防热结构多尺度热效应数值预测、飞行验证与定向调控  

Numerical prediction, flight verification, and targeted regulation of multiscale thermal effects in thermal protection structures

作　　者：杨肖峰 肖光明 刘琦 蔡兴考 刘磊 杜雁霞 魏东 袁先旭 唐志共 YANG XiaoFeng;XIAO GuangMing;LIU Qi;CAI XingKao;LIU Lei;DU YanXia;WEI Dong;YUAN XianXu;TANG ZhiGong(State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]空天飞行空气动力科学与技术全国重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2024年第11期2193-2205,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

摘　　要：复合材料和复杂结构广泛应用于新一代飞行器热防护系统,使热防护系统呈现出宏观-细观多尺度热效应新特征,给防热效能的精细预测与热防护系统的轻量化设计带来极大挑战.本文针对防热结构多尺度热行为,基于异质多尺度理论提出了HMM-CVFVM跨尺度传热特性预测方法,并结合微结构智能重构算法,实现了真实复合材料多尺度热效应的有效预测;通过模型飞行试验,获得了跨尺度热效应预测方法的飞行验证结果;基于多尺度热行为利用和热量定向传输思想,采用3D打印设计并制备了陶瓷点阵超结构新型热防护结构样件,获得了数值模拟、地面实验和飞行试验多源数据,实现了减重与控温双重成效.本文建立的防热结构跨尺度热效应预测方法,可为热防护系统研制提供精细的评估和设计手段,为新型飞行器研发提供理论和技术支撑.Composite materials and complex structures are integral to the thermal protection systems of near-space high-speed vehicles,exhibiting macro/microscale thermal effects. These multiscale effects introduce prediction biases in heat transfer characteristics ofmaterials/structures, complicating the evaluation of thermal protection performance. This paper introduces the MMM–CVFVM crossscaleheat transfer prediction method to address these challenges. By integrating a microstructure intelligent reconstruction algorithm,the method effectively predicts multiscale thermal effects in composite materials. The prediction model has been validated throughflight experiments with space vehicle models. Using multiscale analysis of directional energy transport, a new ceramic latticesuperstructure for thermal protection was designed. Supported by numerical simulations and ground and flight experiments, thisdesign achieves directional weight reduction and temperature control. The multiscale thermal effect prediction model established inthis paper provides refined evaluation tools and design paradigms for thermal protection systems. It provides crucial theoretical andtechnical support for advancing next-generation near-space high-speed vehicles in China.

关 键 词：热防护 跨尺度 热效应 飞行试验 定向调控 

分 类 号：V244.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]