环卫作业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal diseases among sanitation workers

作　　者：郭雨晗 林海燕 许丽 张丽江[3] GUO Yuhan;LIN Haiyan;XU Li;ZHANG Lijiang(Department of Labor Health and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Physical Examination Center,Midong District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830013,China;Department of Science and Education,Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学教研室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]乌鲁木齐市米东区中医医院体检中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830013 [3]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心科教科,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第19期2598-2602,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解环卫作业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,2023年4月选择新疆乌鲁木齐市某环卫公司169名从事环卫作业的作业工人进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果环卫工人WMSDs总发生率为40.2%,不同部位WMSDs发生率前4位顺次为颈部27.2%(46/169)、下背部25.4%(43/169)、肩部18.9%(33/169)和上背部14.2%(25/169)。长时间保持低头、长时间保持弯腰和每分钟做多次重复性操作均是环卫工人患WMSDs的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论本次调查的169名环卫作业工人WMSDs患病情况需引起高度重视,加强工效学知识教育和干预极为必要。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in sanitation workers.Methods By using the cross-sectional survey,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 169 workers engaged in sanitation operations at a sanitation company in Urumqi of Xinjiang in April 2023,and the data were analyzed.Results The total prevalence rate of WMSDs in sanitation workers was 40.2%.The top four parts with the highest prevalence rate were neck 27.2%(46/169),lower back 25.4%(43/169),shoulder 18.9%(33/169)and upper back 14.2%(25/169).Keeping the head down for a long time,keeping the bent down for a long time and doing repeated operations per minute were the risk factors for WMSDs in sanitation workers(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs in 169 sanitation workers in this survey should be paid more attention to,and it is necessary to strengthen ergonomics education and intervention.

关 键 词：工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患 环卫工人 影响因素 人体工效学 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]