低氧状态下飞行员认知冲突加工脑电指标研究  

Research on pilots′hypoxic sensitive EEG index in cognitive conflict processing

作　　者：陈琼 姜国华 徐玉林 郭庆军 陈晓健 冯伟 许昕霓 郑蔚 陶银 许涛 Chen Qiong;Jiang Guohua;Xu Yulin;Guo Qingjun;Chen Xiaojian;Feng Wei;Xu Xinni;Zheng Wei;Tao Yin;Xu Tao(Department of Acceleration Physiological Training,First Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China;Department of Psychology,Second Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China;Department of Aviation Psychological Training,Second Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China;Department of High Altitude Physiological Acceleration Training,Second Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China;Department of Recuperation,Second Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China;Department of Rehabilitation,Second Sanatorium of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310013,China)

机构地区：[1]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养一区加速度生理训练科,杭州310013 [2]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养二区心理科,杭州310013 [3]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养二区航空心理训练科,杭州310013 [4]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养二区高空生理训练科,杭州310013 [5]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养二区疗养科,杭州310013 [6]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养二区康复科,杭州310013

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2024年第3期180-186,共7页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的采用经典Stroop范式对飞行员在低氧状态与正常状态下的脑认知加工过程进行测试,探索飞行员在低氧条件下执行认知冲突控制任务时早期(200~600 ms)及晚期(600~1000 ms),认知加工阶段的脑活动状态及相关低氧指标。方法选取15名航空医学鉴定合格的男性飞行员,分别监测并分析其在模拟5000 m高空低氧环境和正常氧环境下完成认知冲突控制任务时的行为指标(正确率、反应时)、事件相关电位(event related potentials,ERP)成分指标(N2波)和频谱指标(Alpha波、Beta波)。结果反应时指标中关系类型因素的主效应明显(F=4.10,P=0.027),正确率指标差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。冲突条件下的反应时为(543.360±21.202)ms,高于一致条件下的反应时(509.078±14.420)ms,差异有统计学意义(F=3.28,P=0.039);无关条件下的反应时为(521.697±15.073)ms,与一致、冲突条件下的反应时差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。在低氧条件下,早期的N2波幅值显著增高(F=5.34,P=0.037),晚期的Alpha、Low beta、Mid beta波的功率值显著增高(F=7.76、5.34、4.92,P=0.015、0.037、0.044)。结论N2波幅值可作为考察飞行员在低氧条件下认知加工早期阶段脑活动的ERP指标,Alpha波、Low beta波、Mid beta波的功率值可以考察飞行员在低氧状态下认知加工晚期阶段的脑活动指标,可将其用于飞行员的训练评估中,为提升飞行员训练效果提供更加客观的生理数据。ObjectiveTo investigate the brain activity and related hypoxic indicators in early cognitive processing stage(200-600 ms)and late cognitive processing stage(600-1000 ms)by comparing their cognitive processing in pilots performed classical Stroop task under hypoxic state.MethodsFifteen male Air Force pilots who were qualified in aeromedical assessment were selected.The behavioral indicators(accuracy,response time),event related potentials(ERP)component metrics(N2),and spectral metrics(Alpha band,Beta band)were monitored and analyzed when the pilots complete the cognitive conflict control task in the simulated 5000 m hypoxic state and normal state.ResultsThe main effect of relationship type factors in response time indicators was significant(F=4.10,P=0.027),and no difference found in accuracy indicators(all P>0.05).The reaction time under conflict conditions was(543.360±21.202)ms,which was higher than the reaction time under consistent conditions(509.078±14.420)ms,and the difference was significant(F=3.28,P=0.039).The reaction time under unrelated conditions was(521.697±15.073)ms,and there was no significant difference between the reaction time under consistent and conflicting conditions(all P>0.05).Hypoxic status resulted in a significant increases in early stage indicator N2 amplitude(F=5.34,P=0.037),and the power of Alpha,Low beta and Mid beta of late stage(F=7.76,5.34,4.92,P=0.015,0.037,0.044).ConclusionsThe amplitude of N2 can be used as the ERP indicator to investigate the pilots′brain activities at the early stage of cognitive processing under hypoxia state;Alpha,Low beta and Mid beta bands of the spectrum can be used as the indicators to evaluate the brain activity of pilots in the late stage of cognitive processing under hypoxia state,which can be used in the training evaluation of pilots to provide more objective physiological data to improve the training effect of pilots.

关 键 词：缺氧 脑 神经行为学表现 诱发电位 飞行员 

分 类 号：R852[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]