运输机飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱分析  

Analysis of disease spectrum of medical grounding of transporter flying personnel

作　　者：高一鸣 张慧变 刘晓鹏 赵德保 魏丛然 苏芳 刘琳 Gao Yiming;Zhang Huibian;Liu Xiaopeng;Zhao Debao;Wei Congran;Su Fang;Liu Lin(Department of Aeronautical Physiological Identification Training Laboratory and General Demonstration Research Section of Aviation Medicine,Air Force Medicine Center,Air Force Medical Univeisity,PLA,Beijing100142,China;Unit 93427 of PLA)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空生理鉴定训练研究室,北京100142 [2]解放军93427部队

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2024年第3期193-197,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的对比分析运输机飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱构成及变化规律,为优化运输机飞行人员航空卫生保障方法提供数据支撑。方法收集2003年1月1日至2020年12月31日在空军特色医学中心航空医学鉴定结论为停飞的运输机飞行人员健康档案资料,按停飞年度(2003-2008、2009-2014和2015-2020年)和飞行职务(飞行员和空中战勤人员)分组后,统计分析停飞年龄、飞行时间和停飞疾病谱。结果共纳入运输机飞行人员186例,其中飞行员135例(72.58%),空中战勤人员51例(27.42%);飞行员中位停飞年龄34.0(31.5,39.0)岁,空中战勤人员中位停飞年龄43.0(41.0,46.0)岁。飞行人员停飞排名前4位的系统疾病依次为是神经系统疾病(21.51%)、心理精神疾病(16.67%)、心血管系统疾病(13.98%)和运动系统疾病(10.75%);飞行员与空中战勤人员停飞涉及系统疾病构成比差异有统计学意义(P=0.039),且飞行员因消化系统疾病停飞人员占比低于空中战勤人员(χ^(2)=5.40,P=0.020)。2009-2014年组因运动系统疾病停飞人数占比低于2003-2008年组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.70,P=0.010);2009-2014年组和2015—2020年组因心理精神疾病停飞人数占比高于2003-2008年组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.80、7.33,P=0.005、0.007)。运输机飞行人员停飞疾病种类共76种,排名前3的疾病分别为高血压病、血管性头痛、腰椎间盘突出症。结论神经系统疾病、心理精神疾病、心血管系统疾病和运动系统疾病是造成运输机飞行人员停飞的主要原因,且神经系统疾病和心理精神疾病导致了越来越多的运输机飞行人员停飞。随着飞行训练强度和时间耐力要求的提高,应进一步加强疾病谱分析以及相应的预防和治疗措施。ObjectiveTo provide data support for optimizing aeromedical support to transporter flying personnel by comparing and analyzing the composition and variation of the medical grounding disease spectrum of them.MethodsThe health profile data of transporter flying personnel who were grounded by the assessment in Air Force Medical Center from January 1,2003,to December 31,2020 were collected.They were grouped by grounded year(2003-2008,2009-2014 and 2015-2020)and by post(pilot and air combat personnel).The age at the time of grounding,flying hours and grounding disease spectrum were statistically analyzed.ResultsA total of 186 transporter flying personnel were enrolled,including 135 pilots(72.58%)and 51 air combat personnel(27.42%).The median grounding age of pilots was 34.0(31.5,39.0)years old,and the median grounding age of air combat crew was 43.0(41.0,46.0)years old.The top 4 system diseases in all flight grounding personnel were neurological diseases(21.51%),mental and psychiatric disorders(16.67%),cardiovascular system diseases(13.98%)and motion system diseases(10.75%).The difference in the component ratio of grounding diseases between the pilots and air combat personnel was significant(P=0.039),and the grounding ratio of digestive system diseases in pilots was lower than that of air combat personnel(χ^(2)=5.40,P=0.020).The grounding ratio of motion system diseases in 2009-2014 group was lower than that of 2003-2009 group(χ^(2)=6.70,P=0.010).The grounding ratios of mental and psychiatric disorders in 2009—2014 and 2015-2020 group were higher than those of 2003-2008 group,with significant differences(χ2=8.80,7.33,P=0.005,0.007).There were 76 types of diseases that caused transporter flying personnel grounding,and the top 3 diseases were hypertension,vascular headaches and lumbar disc herniation.ConclusionsThe neurological diseases,mental and psychiatric disorders,cardiovascular system diseases and motion system diseases contribute most to the grounding of transporter flying personnel while the neurological di

关 键 词：疾病谱 体格检查 合格鉴定 飞行人员 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]