肝移植领域的前沿研究进展:从异种移植到免疫耐受  

Frontier research advances in liver transplantation:from xenotransplantation to immune tolerance

作　　者：李俊杰[1] 张雅敏[1] Li Junjie;ZhangYamin(Department of Organ Transplantation Center,Tianjin First Central Hospital,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院器官移植中心,天津300192

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2024年第10期2157-2161,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

摘　　要：肝移植是治疗终末期肝病和部分肝癌患者的重要手段。然而,供体器官短缺、移植物的长期存活及移植后的免疫排斥反应仍是亟待解决的问题。近年来,研究人员在异种移植、人工类器官、3 D生物打印、机械灌注、边缘供体、缺血再灌注损伤、免疫耐受及移植肿瘤学等方面取得了显著进展。这些前沿技术和策略不仅提供了新的供体来源和提高移植物存活率的方法,还在减少术后并发症和延长患者生存期方面展现出巨大潜力。本文系统总结了这些领域的最新研究进展及其临床应用前景,并讨论了未来研究的方向和面临的挑战。通过多学科和国际合作,肝移植领域有望在未来取得更大的突破,为患者带来新的希望和选择。Liver transplantation is a crucial treatment for end-stage liver disease and certain liver cancers.However,challenges such as donor organ shortages,long-term graft survival,and post-transplant immune rejection remain to be addressed.In recent years,significant progress has been made in xenotransplantation,artificial organoids,3D bioprinting,machine perfusion,marginal donors,ischemia-reperfusion injury,immune tolerance,and transplant oncology.These cutting-edge technologies and strategies not only provide new donor sources and methods to improve graft survival rates but also show great potential in reducing postoperative complications and extending patient survival.This paper systematically summarizes the latest research advancements in these areas and discusses their clinical application prospects and future research directions.Multidisciplinary and international collaboration is expected to lead to greater breakthroughs in the field of liver transplantation,offering new hope and choices for patients.

关 键 词：肝移植 异种移植 免疫耐受 研究进展 

分 类 号：R657.3[医药卫生—外科学]