海藻糖对干旱胁迫下谷子幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Trehalose on Physiological Characteristics of Foxtail Millet Seedlings Under Drought Stress

作　　者：侯晓敏 闫锋[1] 董扬[1] 赵富阳[1] 李清泉[1] 李永平 王冰雪[1] HOU Xiaomin;YAN Feng;DONG Yang;ZHAO Fuyang;LI Qingquan;LI Yongping;WANG Bingxue(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China;Qiqihar Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Qiqihar 161000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第12期6-11,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技计划创新激励项目(CNYGG-2023025,CNYGG-2023028);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-06-14.5-B21)。

摘　　要：为筛选能有效提高谷子幼苗抗旱能力的海藻糖最适浓度,采用盆栽试验,以嫩选20谷子幼苗为试验材料,用18%的PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫,通过调查喷施不同浓度的海藻糖(10,15和20 mmol·L^(-1))对干旱胁迫下谷子幼苗抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质、膜脂过氧化及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫下喷施海藻糖处理后,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高,在干旱胁迫第12天时,效果最明显的T2处理较T0分别提高了27.11%、21.33%和20.15%,丙二醛(MDA)含量则显著降低了41.58%,渗透调节物质(脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白)含量和相对含水率(RWC)均有所提高,缓解了干旱胁迫对谷子幼苗的伤害。此外研究发现,干旱胁迫下海藻糖对谷子幼苗抗旱性的提高存在浓度效应,高浓度海藻糖处理会抑制RWC和可溶性糖含量,促进MDA含量积累,其中海藻糖处理的最佳浓度是15 mmol·L^(-1),可以最大程度增强谷子幼苗的抗旱性。In order to screen the optimal concentration of trehalose that can effectively improve the drought resistance of foxtail millet seedlings,pot experiments were carried out in this study.The foxtail millet seedlings of‘Nenxuan 20’were used as experimental materials,and 18%PEG-6000 solution was used to simulate drought stress.The effects of different concentrations of trehalose(10,15 and 20 mmol·L^(-1))on antioxidant enzyme activity,osmotic adjustment substances,membrane lipid peroxidation and yield components of foxtail millet seedlings under drought stress were studied.The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)were significantly increased after spraying trehalose under drought stress.On the 12 th day of drought stress,the most obvious effect of T2 treatment was 27.11%,21.33%and 20.15%higher than that of T0,respectively.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly reduced by 41.58%,and the content of osmotic adjustment substances(proline,soluble sugar,soluble protein)and relative water content(RWC)were increased,which alleviated the damage of drought stress to millet seedlings.In addition,it was found that there was a concentration effect of trehalose on the improvement of drought resistance of millet seedlings under drought stress.High concentration of trehalose treatment inhibited RWC and soluble sugar content,and promoted the accumulation of MDA content.The optimum concentration of trehalose treatment was 15 mmol·L^(-1),which could maximize the drought resistance of millet seedlings.

关 键 词：谷子 海藻糖 干旱胁迫 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]