黑龙江东升省级自然保护区不同生境害虫多样性调查  

Diversity Survey of Pest Insects in Different Habitats in Dongsheng Provincial Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：卢梦月 蒋心蕊 关秀玲 张卓妍 余静 缪天琳[1] 罗志文[1] LU Mengyue;JIANG Xinrui;GUAN Xiuling;ZHANG Zhuoyan;YU Jing;MIAO Tianlin;LUO Zhiwen*(School of Biology and Agriculture,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学生物与农业学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第12期63-67,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016054);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410222085)。

摘　　要：为掌握黑龙江东升省级自然保护区4种不同生境的害虫多样性,明确害虫的种群分布状况及发生特点,以4种生境内的害虫为研究对象,通过野外调查,经人工捕集、样品鉴定和统计分析等步骤,调查不同生境中害虫的种类组成、数量分布以及与环境因素的关系。研究结果显示,黑龙江东升省级自然保护区内不同生境类型的害虫多样性存在明显差异,共采集到害虫1014只,隶属于5目26科36属36种,其中食叶类害虫18种,蛀干类害虫5种,刺吸式害虫9种,地下害虫4种。灌丛生境与农田生境中以食叶害虫为主,草甸生境中以食叶、刺吸害虫为主,滩涂生境中刺吸害虫占优势,各生境类型的害虫数量和种类组成呈现出一定的规律性。地理位置、地形地貌和气候条件直接影响害虫的种类多样性。在不同生境中,灌丛中的害虫生态学指数最高。通过本次调查,深入分析了害虫群落的多样性和结构特征,并探讨了其与环境因素之间的关系,并针对调查结果,提出了针对保护区生态系统稳定与健康发展的一系列保护与管理建议。In order to understand the diversity of pest insects in four different habitats in Dongsheng Provincial Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province,and to clarify the population distribution and occurrence characteristics of pests,this study focused on investigating and surveying the diversity of pests in the four habitats.Through field surveys,artificial collection,sample identification,and statistical analysis,the types,distribution,and relationship with environmental factors of pests in different habitats were investigated.The research results showed that there were significant differences in the diversity of pest insects in different habitat types within Dongsheng Provincial Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province,with a total of 1014 pests collected,belonging to 36 species in 36 genera of 26 families in 5 orders.Among them,there were 18 species of leaf-eating pests,5 species of stem-boring pests,9 species of piercing-sucking pests,and 4 species of underground pests.Leaf-eating pests were dominant in shrub habitat and farmland habitat,while both leaf-eating and piercing-sucking pests were dominant in grassland habitat,and piercing-sucking pests were dominant in tidal flat habitat.The quantity and species composition of pests in each habitat type exhibited certain regularity.The diversity of pest species was directly influenced by geographical location,topography,and climatic conditions.Among the different habitats,the ecological index of pests in shrub habitat was the highest.Through this survey,we deeply analyzed the diversity and structural characteristics of pest communities,and discussed their relationship with environmental factors.And based on the survey results,a series of protection and management suggestions aimed at maintaining the stability and healthy development of the ecological system in the protected area were proposed.

关 键 词：害虫多样性 不同生境 生态学指数 黑龙江东升省级保护区 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]