黑龙江省高油大豆品种审定现状及未来趋势  

Current Status and Future Trends of High-Oil Soybean Variety Approval in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：赵星棋 王志新[1] 郑伟[1] 李灿东[1] 张振宇[1] 徐杰飞 王象然 魏凡凯 ZHAO Xingqi;WANG Zhixin;ZHENG Wei;LI Candong;ZHANG Zhenyu;XU Jiefei;WANG Xiangran;WEI Fankai(Jiamusi Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Main Crops in Sanjiang Plain/Jiamusi Comprehensive Test Station of National Soybean Industry Technology System,Jiamusi 154007,China;Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院/三江平原主要作物育种栽培重点实验室/国家大豆产业技术体系佳木斯综合试验站,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]黑龙江大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第12期68-72,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0403202-02);黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程-农业科技基础创新杰青项目(CX22JQ02);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-CES04)。

摘　　要：为分析黑龙江省大豆品质育种进程,选取2001-2023年通过黑龙江省审定的大豆品种,并聚焦其中包含的高油大豆品种。从品种审定数量、品种相关育成单位和品种品质性状表现等方面,探究在近20余年大豆品种的变化趋势。研究发现,黑龙江省大豆品种类型以普通品种为主导,高油品种数量增长较为迟缓,科研院所和地方高校在高油育种领域贡献值相对较高。品种脂肪含量方面,虽然近年来不断育成审定脂肪含量极为突出的新品种,但从平均值来看,品种整体的脂肪含量并没有明显提高,其线性回归方程结果甚至呈下降趋势。由此来看,针对大豆品质育种特别是高油大豆育种工作仍需从多方面积累投入、不断改进完善,从而提高大豆籽粒产量和油料产量。In order to analyze the process of soybean quality breeding in Heilongjiang Province,the soybean varieties approved by Heilongjiang Provincial authorities between 2001 and 2023 were selected for this study,with a focus on the high-oil soybean varieties among them.The analysis was conducted from the perspectives of the number of varieties approved,the breeding units involved,and the performance of quality traits.The results revealed that the soybean varieties in Heilongjiang Province were primarily dominated by common varieties,with a relatively slow growth in the number of high-oil varieties.However,scientific research institutions and local universities had made relatively high contributions in the field of high-oil soybean breeding.In terms of the fat content of varieties,although new varieties with prominent fat content had been continuously bred and approved in recent years,the overall fat content of varieties had not significantly improved when viewed from the average.The results of the linear regression equation even suggest a decreasing trend.Therefore,there is still a need to accumulate inputs and improve the breeding of soybean varieties,especially in the area of high-oil soybean breeding,so as to improve the seed yield and oilseeds yield of soybean.

关 键 词：黑龙江省 大豆 品种审定 脂肪含量 育种趋势 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济] F324.6[农业科学—作物学] S565.1