HIV抗体筛查反应性样本确证试验结果分析  

Analysis of confirmatory test results of HIV antibody screening reactive samples

作　　者：陈赞[1] 赵磊[1] 王艺芳[1] Chen Zan;Zhao Lei;Wang Yifang(Henan Red Cross Blood Center,Zhengzhou 450012,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省红十字血液中心,郑州450012

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2024年第20期5-8,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关项目(LHGJ20210269)。

摘　　要：目的分析本地区无偿献血者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体(Ab)筛查反应性样本确证试验结果,为进一步提高实验室检测能力提供技术支持,为控制血液质量安全提供策略及方法。方法回顾性抽取2019年7月至2021年10月河南省红十字血液中心收集的66份无偿献血者HIV抗体筛查反应性样本。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测HIV抗原(Ag)/Ab和核酸检测HIV核糖核酸(RNA)进行初步筛查,对筛查反应性样本进一步采用重组免疫印迹试验(RIBA)进行确认,并对RIBA确证阳性的条带特点进行分析。结果66例样本经RIBA确证人类免疫缺陷病毒1抗体(HIV-1Ab)阳性54例(81.82%,54/66),阴性12例(18.18%,12/66);59例ELISA双试剂反应性样本确证阳性54例(91.52%,54/59),7例ELISA单试剂反应性样本确证阳性0例;RIBA确证试验的HIV-1Ab阳性样本带型结果显示,HIV-1Ab阳性样本以次全条带出现率为主(gp160、gp120、gp41、p31、p24),其次是全条带(gp160、gp120、gp41、p31、p24、p17);其中gp160条带阳性率最高,其次是gp41条带,p17条带最低。结论应加强对筛查实验室的质量控制,提高HIV Ab检测水平,优化HIV Ab检测策略,确保血液质量安全。Objective To analyze the confirmatory test results of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody(Ab)screening reactive samples of blood donors in Zhengzhou,and to provide technical support for further improving laboratory detecting capacity,and to provide strategies and methods for controlling blood quality and safety.Methods Sixty-six HIV Ab screening reactive samples were retrospectively collected from voluntary blood donors in Henan Red Cross Blood Center from July 2019 to October 2021,all samples were tested for HIV antigen(Ag)/Ab and HIV ribonucleic acid(RNA)by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and nucleic acid testing.The reactive samples were tested for confirmation by recombination immunoblot assay(RIBA).And the strip characteristics of RIBA positive samples were analyzed.Results Among the 66 samples,54 samples(81.82%,54/66)were positive for HIV-1Ab,and 12 samples(18.18%,12/66)were negative according to RIBA;54(91.52%,54/59)of 59 ELISA two-reagent reactive samples were confirmed positive,and 7 ELISA single-reagent reactive samples were confirmed negative.According to the strip type results of HIV-1Ab positive samples in RIBA confirmation test,HIV-1Ab positive samples mainly showed sub-complete strip(gp160,gp120,gp41,p31,p24),followed by complete strip(gp160,gp120,gp41,p31,p24,p17);among them,the positive rate of gp160 strip was the highest,followed by gp41 strip,and p17 strip was the lowest.Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the quality control of screening laboratories,improve the level of HIV Ab testing,and optimize HIV Ab detection strategies.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 重组免疫印迹试验 确证试验 筛查试验 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]