假设检验方法的实用主义思想基础——以杜威为中心的讨论  

Pragmatism and the Ideological Basis of the Hypothesis-test Method——A Discussion Centered around John Dewey

作　　者：杨勇 YANG Yong

机构地区：[1]上海大学社会学院,上海200444

出　　处：《学术月刊》2024年第11期116-130,共15页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“比较现代化视野下的美国实用主义社会理论研究”(23CSH097)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在社会学领域,假设检验方法与实用主义思想之间的关联未得到充分的讨论。从约翰·杜威的科学教育课程进入,可揭示出实用主义思想如何在人性论、知识论和生存论层面为假设检验方法提供理论支撑。杜威提出假设检验方法来反抗形式主义,并将这一方法运用到教育改革中,推广到了整个社会领域。他一方面将这一方法奠基在实用主义思想对于自然人性的复杂理解上,另一方面则是借由这一方法来批判传统的知识理论,释放出社会和文明的活力。为了防止假设检验方法蜕变成另一种形式主义,杜威始终强调行动与个体生命的优先性,将方法的训练和人格修养关联起来。深入探讨假设检验方法的思想根源,有助于我们认识到当前主流研究范式的历史文化前提,并补充“社会学本土化”的相关讨论。In the field of sociology,the relationship between the hypothesis-test method and pragmatism has not been fully discussed.Starting from John Dewey's science education course,this paper tries to reveal how pragmatism provides the theoretical support for the hypothesis-test method at the levels of human nature,epistemology,and ontology.Dewey proposed the hypothesis-test method to rebel against Formalism,and applied this method to educational reform and extended it to the entire social sphere.On the one hand,Dewey bases this method on the complex understanding of human nature through pragmatism,and on the other hand,he uses this method to critique traditional knowledge theory and release the vitality of society and civilization.In order to prevent the hypothesis-test method from degenerating into another formalism,Dewey always emphasized the priority of action and individual life,and related the training of methods with the cultivation of personality.A deep discussion of the theoretical roots of the hypothesis-test method will help us understand the historical and cultural premises of the current mainstream research paradigm and supplement the academic discussion on"the localization of Chinese sociology".

关 键 词：假设检验方法 实用主义 杜威 社会学本土化 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]