著作人身权的优位主义  

Prioritarianism for Personal Rights of Copyright

作　　者：曹博 Cao Bo

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2024年第6期182-196,共15页Studies in Law and Business

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(19CFX054)。

摘　　要：著作人身权与著作财产权的分离是作品市场化利用的必然结果,著作财产权优位的实践趋势逐渐形成。作者在出让或许可著作财产权之后对作品控制力的实质性削弱,引发理论争议与社会关注。基于著作财产权优位的利益格局及作者地位的调适路径,存在难以克服的法理缺陷和逻辑悖论,走向了不确定的立法政策选择和执法偏好探究。著作人身权优位的理论主张,旨在确认著作权法激励自然人创作的首要立法宗旨,防止因著作财产权的行使而对作者尊严与创作自主造成损害。这一理论分为3个层次:作者尊严与创作自主是著作人身权的基础,著作权应当初始归属于自然人作者,著作财产权的行使不能妨害作者尊严与创作自主。以此为据,我国著作权法应重构著作人身权内在体系,完善著作权初始归属规则,调整著作财产权转让与许可规范。The separation of personal rights and property rights of copyright is an inevitable result of the market utilization of works, and the practice trend of priority of property rights of copyright is gradually formed. An author's control over his work is materially diminished after conveyancing or licensing property rights of copyright, which has led to theoretical controversies and social concerns. Adaptation pathways for interests pattern and status of the authors, which based on the priority of property rights of copyright, have insurmountable jurisprudential flaws and logical paradoxes. Thus, it can easily lead to the inquiry of uncertain legislative policy choices and orientation to law enforcement. The theoretical proposition for priority of the personal rights of copyright aims at recognizing the primary legislative purpose of copyright law, which is to stimulate the natural persons to create works, and to prevent the damage to the dignity and creative autonomy of authors caused by exercising property rights of copyright. This theory is organized into three levels: Authors' dignity and creative autonomy are the basis of the personal rights of copyright, copyright should be initially attributed to natural persons, and the exercise of property rights of copyright cannot jeopardize authors' dignity and creative autonomy. On this account, the paths of the institutional construction for Chinese Copyright Law are as follows: reconstruct the intrinsic system of personal rights of copyright, improve the rules of initial attribution of copyright, and adjust the norms for the transfer and license of property rights of copyright.

关 键 词：著作人身权 著作人格权 作者精神权利 著作财产权 作者尊严 创作自主 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]