全球人工智能治理:进展、困境与前景  

Global Artificial Intelligence Governance:Progress,Dilemma and Prospects

作　　者：叶淑兰[1,2] 李孟婷 YE Shulan;LI Mengting

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学政治与国际关系学院 [2]华东师范大学国际问题研究所

出　　处：《国际问题研究》2024年第5期100-118,141,142,共21页International Studies

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重大项目“人工智能新型社会实验与治理方法研究及应用示范”(21511101200);中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学哲学社会科学创新团队项目(2024QKT001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人工智能加剧大国战略竞争,引发新的地缘政治博弈,对国际格局、国际秩序构成重大挑战。如何防范人工智能科技价值异化,引导人工智能朝“善治”方向发展,是事关世界和平与发展的重大议题。全球人工智能治理初步形成以国家为中心、多元主体参与的治理格局,国际社会开始规范人工智能伦理治理,积极探索国家、地区、全球多层次的治理结构,形成风格各异的治理特色。但是,全球人工智能治理仍然面临着主体利益各异、治理对象复杂、排他治理突出、协同治理困难等挑战。全球人工智能治理的前景取决于“善治”、“合治”与“法治”路径能否顺利推进。作为负责任大国,中国积极探索人工智能治理的规则规范,为加强全球人工智能治理提出中国方案、贡献中国经验,成为全球人工智能治理的先行者和助力者。Artificial intelligence(AI)has intensified strategic competition among major countries,triggered a new geopolitical game,and had a great impact on the international structure and order.How to prevent the alienation of the value of AI technology and guide the development of AI towards“good governance”is significant for keeping world peace and development.Global AI governance has initially formed a governance pattern centered on the country and participated by multiple actors.The international community has begun to standardize global AI ethical governance and actively explore multi-level governance structures at national,regional,and global levels,developing governance characteristics with different styles.However,global AI governance still faces challenges,including divergent subjects’interests,complex governance objectives,prominent exclusionary governance,and difficulties in collaborative governance.The prospects of global AI governance depend on whether the path of“good governance”,“collaborative governance”and“the rule of law”can be successfully advanced.As a responsible major country,China is actively engaged in exploring the rules and norms for AI governance,putting forward Chinese proposals and contributing Chinese experience to strengthen global AI governance,and serving as a forerunner and facilitator of global AI governance.

关 键 词：人工智能 全球治理 大国竞争 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] D815[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]