一种火箭橇试验滑轨防护高熵合金的电化学特性和耐蚀性  

Electrochemical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of a High Entropy Alloy for Protection of Rocket Sled Track

作　　者：王玮华 姚小飞[2] 戚晓玲 王梓靖 Wang Weihua;Yao Xiaofei;Qi Xiaoling;Wang Zijing(Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Life-support Technology,AVIC Aerospace Life-Support Industries,Xiangyang 441003,China;Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业航宇救生装备有限公司航空防护救生技术航空科技重点实验室,湖北襄阳441003 [2]西安工业大学,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《航空科学技术》2024年第10期43-51,共9页Aeronautical Science & Technology

基　　金：航空科学基金(202000290U1001);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-410)。

摘　　要：火箭橇试验滑轨的腐蚀严重影响其试验的安全可靠性,为了改善火箭橇试验滑轨的耐蚀性,本文制备出一种新型的火箭橇试验滑轨防护耐蚀AlZnPbSn高熵合金,表征了其微观组织结构。采用电化学和浸泡的方法测试了AlZnPbSn高熵合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段分析了腐蚀形貌和腐蚀产物,研究了NaCl溶液浓度对AlZnPbSn高熵合金耐蚀性的影响规律。结果表明,AlZnPbSn高熵合金的组织形态有树枝晶、共晶和包共晶等组织,AlZnPbSn高熵合金的组成相均为单质固溶体。树枝晶组织主要为富含Al和Zn的固溶体组成,其中枝晶内主要为富含Zn的固溶体,枝晶间主要为富含Al的固溶体;共晶组织主要由富含Sn固溶体和富含Pb固溶体组成;包共晶组织主要由富含Zn固溶体和富含Sn固溶体组成。AlZnPbSn高熵合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中均发生了均匀腐蚀,腐蚀表面疏松不致密,合金表面附着的腐蚀产物主要为Al和Zn的氧化物,Sn和Pb腐蚀后溶解或脱落,在腐蚀表面形成微坑或孔隙。在7%、10.5%和14%的NaCl溶液中,AlZnPbSn高熵合金表面虽然形成了局部致密的腐蚀产物膜层,但是该膜层存在开裂现象,不能起到保护基体的作用,因此,该致密腐蚀膜不能起到提高耐蚀性的作用。随NaCl溶液浓度增大,AlZnPbSn高熵合金的腐蚀速率增大,腐蚀产物脱落形成的孔隙增多。The safety and reliability of the rocket sled test is seriously threatened by the corrosion of the rocket sled rail.In order to improve corrosion resistance of rocket sled track,an Innovative AlZnPbSn high entropy alloy was prepared and its microstructure was characterized.The corrosion resistance of AlZnPbSn high-entropy alloy in NaCl solution with different concentrations was tested by electrochemical method and immersion method.The corrosion morphology and corrosion products were analyzed by means of SEM,EDS and XRD,and the effect of NaCl solution concentration on the corrosion resistance of AlZnPbSn high-entropy alloy was studied.The results show that the microstructure of AlZnPbSn alloy is dendritic,eutectic and eutectic,and the composition phases of AlZnPbSn alloy are all simple solid solutions.The dendrite structure is mainly composed of Al solid solution and Zn solid solution,in which the Zn solid solution is mainly in the dendrite and the Al solid solution is mainly in the interdendrite.The eutectic structure mainly consists of Sn solid solution and Pb solid solution.The eutectic structure is mainly composed of Zn solid solution and Sn solid solution.AlZnPbSn high-entropy alloy is uniformly corroded in NaCl solutions of different concentrations,and the corrosion surface is loose and not dense.The corrosion products attached to the alloy surface are mainly oxides of Al and Zn.After corrosion,Sn and Pb dissolve or fall off,forming micro-holes or pores on the corrosion surface.In 10.5%and 14%NaCl solutions,a locally dense corrosion product film was formed on the surface of AlZnPbSn high entropy alloy,but the film was cracked and could not protect the matrix.Therefore,the dense corrosion film could not improve the corrosion resistance.With the increase of NaCl solution concentration,the corrosion rate of AlZnPbSn high-entropy alloy increases,the oxides of Al in the corrosion products increase,and the porosity formed by the corrosion products increases.

关 键 词：AlZnPbSn高熵合金 NACL溶液 微观组织结构 电化学特性 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TG156.1[金属学及工艺—热处理]