基于DEM分析的输电线路覆冰微地形分类识别及验证方法  

Icing Micro-terrain Identification and Verification Method of Transmission Line Based on DEM Analysis

作　　者：邓颖 蒋兴良[1] 张志劲[1] 曾蕴睿 马龙飞 DENG Ying;JIANG Xingliang;ZHANG Zhijin;ZENG Yunrui;MA Longfei(Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学雪峰山能源装备安全国家野外科学观测研究站,重庆400044

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第11期4971-4980,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51637002);中国大学生创新创业训练项目专项经费资助项目(00140051070027)。

摘　　要：普遍存在的微地形小气候是导致输电线路覆冰的严重隐患,但目前的微地形定义仍为模糊的描述性定义,现有的量化分类方法主要依赖于大量观测样本和经验知识。为此基于数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)和覆冰灾害故障统计数据,提取地形特征线和地形表面参数,提出了微地形的分类识别条件。根据各类微地形的地理特征边界条件构建了简化地理模型,通过数值模拟计算和风洞试验对分类识别条件进行验证,模拟计算不同微地形条件下的微气象特征,验证了覆冰微地形识别条件的可靠性。结果表明:覆冰微地形通常为连续分布,较少孤立存在,且容易出现多种类型微地形同时存在的复杂微地形;符合识别条件的典型覆冰微地形具有明显的微气象特征,迎风入口处受到的影响最明显,除垭口微地形外最大风加速效应均出现在山顶位置。该方法克服了聚类法在地理意义上的不可描述性,降低了样本依赖性,为缺乏覆冰观测条件的输电线路提供了设计标准。Widespread micro-terrain microclimates pose a serious risk of icing for transmission lines.However,the cur-rent definition of micro-terrain remains a vague descriptive definition,and existing quantification methods mainly rely on a large number of observational samples and empirical knowledge.This paper proposes a method for extracting indicators and identification criteria for micro-terrain based on digital elevation models(DEMs)and statistical data on icing disasters.Simplified geographical models are constructed based on geographical feature boundaries for various micro-terrain types.Validation of the classification and identification conditions is performed through numerical simulation calculations and wind tunnel experiments.Moreover,the meteorological characteristics are simulated under different micro-terrain condi-tions,and the reliability of the identification conditions for ice-covered micro-terrain is verified.The results indicate that icing micro-terrain is typically distributed continuously and is less likely to exist in isolation,often exhibiting complex combinations of multiple micro-terrain types.Typical icing micro-terrain that meets the identification criteria displays dis-tinct micro-meteorological characteristics,with the most pronounced effects at windward entrances and maximum wind acceleration occurring at mountain summits except for saddle types.This method overcomes the shortcomings of cluster-ing methods that lack geographical interpretability and reduces sample dependence,providing design standards for transmission lines in the absence of icing observations.

关 键 词：输电线路 覆冰微地形 数字高程模型 地形特征 计算流体动力学 

分 类 号：TM752[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]