脉宽调制电压下频率对电动汽车驱动电机绝缘耐电晕寿命影响  

Impact of Frequency on the Endurance Lifetime of Electric Vehicle Drive Motor Insulation with Pulse Width Modulation Voltage

作　　者：彭增 王鹏[1] 朱英伟[1] 于超凡 赵安然 林熙云 PENG Zeng;WANG Peng;ZHU Yingwei;YU Chaofan;ZHAO Anran;LIN Xiyun(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 410002,China;Xiandeng High-Tech Electric Co.,Ltd.,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,成都610065 [2]中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司,株洲410002 [3]先登高科电气股份有限公司,湖州313000

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第11期5014-5021,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977134);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFG0351)。

摘　　要：采用脉宽调制技术驱动的电动汽车绝缘系统将承受严酷的高频脉宽调制电压。基波频率和载波频率是脉宽调制电压的关键参数。该文搭建了高频耐电晕测试平台,研究了不同基波频率和载波频率对电动汽车驱动电机电磁线的局部放电分布特性和绝缘耐电晕寿命的影响。测试结果及分析表明:在脉宽调制电压下,局部放电主要集中在基波极性翻转处,且呈不对称分布;采用频率-寿命反幂模型对绝缘耐电晕寿命进行拟合,得到不同基波/载波频率与寿命拟合曲线预测模型,结果表明试样的耐电晕寿命随基波频率和载波频率的增加均呈幂指数下降;在基波频率一定时,不同载波频率下的电压耐电晕寿命曲线经反幂变换后呈现平行趋势,因此基波频率与载波频率的耦合交互作用可考虑为频率-寿命反幂模型垂直移动常数因子。该研究有望为电动汽车电机绝缘耐电晕寿命测试提供试验与理论依据。The insulation systems of electric vehicles driven by pulse width modulation(PWM)technology are subjected to severe high-frequency PWM voltages.The fundamental frequency and carrier frequency are critical parameters of the PWM voltage.This paper establishes a high-frequency endurance testing platform to investigate the effects of varying fundamental and carrier frequencies on the partial discharge distribution characteristics and insulation endurance lifetime of the magnet wire in electric vehicle drive motors.The test results and analysis indicate that,under PWM voltage,partial discharges are primarily concentrated at the points of fundamental polarity reversal,exhibiting an asymmetric distribution.A frequency-lifetime inverse power model was used to fit the endurance lifetime so as to obtain the predictive models of different fundamental frequencies and carrier frequencies with endurance lifetime.The results show that the endurance lifetime of the samples decreases exponentially with increasing fundamental and carrier frequencies.When the funda-mental frequency is constant,the voltage endurance lifetime curves at different carrier frequencies exhibit a parallel trend after inverse power transformation.Thus,the coupling interaction between the fundamental frequency and carrier frequency can be considered as a vertical shifting constant factor in the frequency-lifetime inverse power model.This research is expected to provide both experimental and theoretical supports for testing the endurance lifetime of electric vehicle motor insulation.

关 键 词：脉宽调制 电动汽车 耐电晕寿命 基波频率 载波频率 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程] TM30[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]