风电机组齿轮传动系统高速级轴承动态特性  

Dynamic Characteristics of High Speed Stage Bearings for Wind Turbine Gear Transmission System

作　　者：王铭铭 崔权维[1] 曹莉[1] 周建星[1] 温建民 WANG Mingming;CUI Quanwei;CAO Li;ZHOU Jianxing;WEN Jianmin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,China;Xinjiang Goldwind Technology Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830026,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,乌鲁木齐830047 [2]新疆金风科技股份有限公司,乌鲁木齐830026

出　　处：《轴承》2024年第12期46-53,共8页Bearing

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2021D01C050);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2021B01003-1,2022B01017-1)。

摘　　要：为解决风电机组齿轮传动系统高速级轴承运行工况复杂及动态特性难以准确描述的问题,以某风电机组为研究对象,综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、轴承时变刚度、齿轮啮合误差与随机风载等因素的影响,建立了风电机组齿轮传动系统的齿轮-轴承耦合动力学模型;采用威布尔分布法建立随机风速模型,模拟计算实际风场的风速并进行试验验证,通过Newmark积分法求解轴承在随机风载下的时变载荷与转速;基于显示动力学法建立高速级轴承有限元模型,通过对比振动加速度的仿真值与试验值进行验证;分析了随机风载下及均值条件下轴承的动态接触载荷、接触应力以及质心运动轨迹的变化规律。结果表明:在随机风载作用下,滚子的动态接触载荷在承载区内呈现出“提前承载,滞后退出”的形式,内圈接触载荷在非承载区内的波动明显;保持架与滚子呈现连续的碰撞接触,二者的接触载荷波动较大;内外圈与滚子之间碰撞次数增加,应力脉冲的频率增大,轴承质心运动轨迹平稳下降。In response to the problem of complex operating conditions and difficulty in accurately describing the dynamic characteristics of high speed stage bearings for wind turbine gear transmission system,taking a wind turbine as research object,a gear-bearing coupling dynamic model of the system is established by comprehensively considering the influence of factors such as time-varying meshing stiffness of gears,time-varying stiffness of the bearings,meshing error of gears and random wind load.A random wind speed model is established using Weibull distribution method,the wind speed in actual wind field is simulated and calculated,and the experimental verification is carried out.The time-varying load and rotational speed of the bearings under random wind load are solved using Newmark integral method.A finite element model of the bearings is established based on explicit dynamics method,and the simulation values and experimental values of vibration acceleration are compared to verify the effectiveness of this method.The changes in dynamic contact load,contact stress and trajectory of mass center of the bearings under random wind load and mean value conditions are analyzed.The results show that under random wind load,the dynamic contact load of rollers exhibits a form of"advance load,lagging exit"in loaded zone,and the contact load of inner rings fluctuates obviously in unloaded zone;the cages and rollers are in continuous collision contact,and the contact load between two fluctuates greatly;the number of collision between inner and outer rings and rollers increases,the frequency of stress pulses increases,and the trajectory of mass center of the bearings decreases steadily.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 风电轴承 风力发电机组 齿轮传动 动态特性 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH132