论法律行为中一体性意思的认定——以法律行为的部分无效为基础  

On the Determination of the Intention of Unity in Legal Acts:A Study Based on Partial Invalidity of Legal Act

作　　者：戴孟勇[1] 安淼鑫 DAI Meng-yong;AN Miao-xin(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2024年第6期47-59,共13页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国民法评注编纂重大问题研究”(项目号:22&ZD205)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当法律行为的一部分无效时,该无效部分是否影响其他部分的效力,是《民法典》第156条规定的部分无效制度所要解决的问题。部分无效制度适用的前提之一是相关法律行为具有一体性,只有具有一体性的法律行为才存在部分与整体的关系问题。判断法律行为是否具有一体性,应以当事人是否具有一体性意思为核心。一体性意思包括明示的一体性意思和推定的一体性意思。在没有明示的一体性意思时,可依据法律行为成立上的一体与经济上的一体推定一体性意思。如果相关法律行为有不同的当事人,或者相关合同构成了合同联立的情况,一体性意思便不具有适用性,相关法律行为不具有一体性。The issue of whether the invalidity of a part of a legal act impacts the validity of the remaining parts is addressed by the partial invalidity provision outlined in Article 156 of the Civil Code.One of the prerequisites for applying the partial invalidity rule is that the relevant legal act constitutes a unity.Only the legal act with unity involves the issue of the relationship between parts and the whole.To determine whether the relevant legal act constitutes a unity,the core consideration should be whether the parties involved have the intention of unity.The intention of unity includes both expressly stated unified one and presumed unified one.If there is no explicit intention of unity,the intention of unity can be presumed based on the unity in establishment and the unity in economics by the legal act.If there are different parties involved,or if related contracts constitute joint contracts,the intention of unity cannot be applied,and the relevant legal acts do not constitute a unity.

关 键 词：法律行为 部分无效 效力统一体 一体性意思 合同联立 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]