激光仿生制备超疏水碳化硅表面及功能化特性研究  

Laser Bionic Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Silicon Carbide Surface and Investigation of Functional Properties

作　　者：付佳俊 刘超 宋昕蓉 施喆 郭小喆 李子昂 王青华 Fu Jiajun;Liu Chao;Song Xinrong;Shi Zhe;Guo Xiaozhe;Li Ziang;Wang Qinghua(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing211189,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学机械工程学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第20期75-87,共13页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52105175);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210235);江苏省双创博士资助项目(JSSCBS20210121);南京市留学人员科技创新项目(1102002310)。

摘　　要：碳化硅是一种本征亲水性材料,但是容易吸附污垢且在低温下容易结冰,这些问题限制了它的应用。借鉴自然界泥鳅和鲨鱼皮的微结构特征,通过激光-硅油-热处理复合表面功能化工艺,成功在碳化硅样品表面上构造了多级微纳结构,这类微纳结构由密集生长的氧化物纳米乳突结构和微“围栏”结构组合而成。通过硅油热处理工艺实现了接触角为158.8°±0.6°和滚动角为7.0°±0.5°的超疏水特性。通过对超疏水碳化硅表面进行表征分析,发现C和O元素的含量以及激光加工参数对其润湿性调控有着重要作用。自清洁实验、抗结冰实验、砂带磨损实验证明,复合工艺制备出的超疏水碳化硅具有优异的性能,不仅能够在低的倾斜角下具有表面的自清洁性能,而且相较于未处理的亲水碳化硅表面,其结冰时长提升了375%,具备优异的抗结冰性能。此外,超疏水碳化硅能够在空气中静置60 d后仍然保持较好的疏水性能,具有良好的长效稳定性。砂带磨损实验表明,超疏水碳化硅表面在摩擦长度达到8 m时,仍然保持接触角在150°以上的超疏水特性,在摩擦长度超过32 m时,疏水性质依然良好。这表明复合工艺制备的碳化硅表面具有良好的自清洁性能、抗结冰性能和机械耐久性,拓宽了碳化硅的应用范围。Objective Silicon carbide(SiC)is widely used in fields such as functional ceramics,power electronics,and photovoltaics owing to its excellent physical and chemical properties.However,the intrinsically hydrophilic properties of SiC make it easy to adsorb dirt.Moreover,the SiC surface can readily freeze in low-temperature environments,which undermines the performance of SiC components and results in significant economic losses.Therefore,the extension of SiC applications has been limited owing to these drawbacks.Traditional preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces includes coating,chemical etching,and electroplating.However,most of these processes have distinct restrictions owing to the use of hazardous chemicals,complex processing,low processing efficiency,high requirements for the nature and size of the material,and non-environmental friendliness.To address these problems,we obtain a superhydrophobic surface by modifying the surface of SiC using a laser-silicone oil-heat treatment composite process combined with a bionic design.This superhydrophobic SiC surface presents excellent self-cleaning,anti-icing,and mechanical durability properties.Hence,the obtained surface is expected to expand the application prospects of SiC.Methods The surface texturing shape is designed and optimized using the microstructural characteristics of natural loach and shark skins(Fig.1).The composite process(Fig.2)includes the following steps:First,the SiC surface is processed using laser surface processing to construct a regular array with multilevel micro/nanostructures which result in a wettability shift from hydrophilicity to superhydrophilicity.Subsequently,a pre-configured mixed solution consisting of silicone oil and isopropanol(IPA)of approximately 50μL is dripped onto the superhydrophilic surface.After the solution completely infiltrates the laser-processed area,the superhydrophilic surface is heated on a heating plate at 200℃for 10 min,followed by ultrasonic cleaning with isopropanol and airdrying.Subsequently,the superhydrop

关 键 词：仿生结构 碳化硅 超疏水表面 激光加工 表面功能化 润湿性调节 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]