浅谈尼帕病毒及尼帕病毒疫苗研究进展  

Brief discussion on research progress in Nipah virus and Nipah virus vaccines

作　　者：徐宏山[1] 刘欣玉[1] 杨立宏[1] 岳广智[1] 叶强[1] 李玉华[1] Xu Hongshan;Liu Xinyu;Yang Lihong;Yue Guangzhi;Ye Qiang;Li Yuhua(Division of Arboviral Vaccines,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 102629,China)

机构地区：[1]中国食品药品检定研究院虫媒病毒疫苗室,北京102629

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2024年第11期970-977,共8页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：尼帕病毒(Nipah virus,NiV)为人畜共患病病原体,有极高传染性,死亡率相对较高,严重威胁人类健康。目前还没有获得许可的疫苗或特异性抗病毒药物。不同策略的NiV候选疫苗研究主要基于NiV糖蛋白(G)和/或融合蛋白(F)。目前,国际上已有3种NiV候选疫苗进入Ⅰ期临床阶段。NiV输入我国的风险较高,我国应制定NiV防控策略,加快NiV相关技术储备和疫苗研发,以应对未来可能发生的疫情。本文从微生物学、流行病学、临床特征和疫苗研究等方面对NiV进行介绍,结合NiV输入我国的风险情况,提出适合我国国情的防控建议,为疫苗研发提供参考。Nipah virus(NiV)is a highly contagious zoonotic pathogen,responsible for a relatively high mortality in human and posing a serious threat to human health.There are currently no licensed vaccines or antiviral drugs.Preclinical studies on NiV vaccines with different strategies are mainly based on NiV glycoprotein(G)and/or fusion protein(F).Internationally,three NiV vaccine candidates are currently in the Phase I clinical stage.The risk of Nipah virus transmitted to China is relatively high.In order to cope with potential future epidemics,China should develop NiV prevention and control strategies,and accelerate Nipah virus-related technology reserves and vaccine development.This article introduces NiV from the aspects of microbiology,epidemiology,clinical characteristics,and vaccine research,and puts forward prevention and control suggestions in light of the risk of NiV transmission to China and China′s national conditions,hoping to provide reference for NiV vaccine research and development.

关 键 词：尼帕病毒 预防控制 亨尼帕病毒 人兽共患病 尼帕病毒疫苗 

分 类 号：R392-33[医药卫生—免疫学]