微塑料在我国典型湿地沉积物中的污染特征、分布及分离检测进展  

Research progress on the pollution characteristics, distribution, separation and detection of microplastics in the sediments of the typical wetlands in China

作　　者：刘蕊 贾贺雪 苏长青 张文香 王方[4] LIU Rui;JIA Hexue;SU Changqing;ZHANG Wenxiang;WANG Fang(Center for Wetland Conservation and Research,Hengshui University,Hengshui,053000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Wetland Conservation and Green Development of Hebei Province,Hengshui University,Hengshui,053000,China;College of Life Science,Hengshui University,Hengshui,053000,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387,China)

机构地区：[1]衡水学院湿地保护与研究中心,衡水053000 [2]河北省湿地保护与绿色发展协同创新中心,衡水053000 [3]衡水学院生命科学学院,衡水053000 [4]天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第11期3590-3603,共14页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：衡水学院高层次人才科研启动基金项目(2023GC25);河北省湿地保护与绿色发展协同创新中心开放基金(2023hbxczx2-1)资助.

摘　　要：中国是塑料使用大国.微塑料作为其破碎后的产物,因多类型、多形态、小体积、难降解的特点,存在潜在生态风险,进而成为国内外学者研究的热门问题.沉积物是湿地污染的“源”和“汇”,我国对湿地沉积物中微塑料的污染和分布了解十分有限.同时,完整、有效的分离和检测技术是开展环境介质微塑料研究的前提.本文综述了微塑料在我国典型湿地沉积物中的污染特征、分布状况,系统分析了当前沉积物中微塑料的分离与检测技术,并对未来相关工作提出展望,以期对深入认识微塑料对我国典型湿地环境的影响以及形成标准、统一的湿地沉积物中微塑料鉴别方法提供参考.Plastics is widely used in China.More and more attentions have been paid to microplastics(MPs),a product of plastics’crushing,due to its potential ecological risks caused by the characteristics of multi-types and-forms,small volumes,and difficult degradation.Sediment is the source and sink of pollutants in the wetlands.However,study on the pollution and distribution of MPs in the sediments of wetlands in China is limited.Meanwhile,a complete and effective separation and detection technology is basic to develop the study on MPs in the environments.In this paper,the pollution characteristics and distribution of MPs in the sediments of the typical wetlands in China are summarized,and the technologies used to separate and detect MPs are systematically described.Additionally,a prospect on MPs in the sediments of wetlands in China in the future is presented to provide a reference for further understanding the effects of MPs on the typical wetlands in China,and developing a standard and unified method of identification for MPs in the sediments of wetlands.

关 键 词：微塑料 沉积物 湿地 污染特征 分布状况 分离与检测 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]