健康中国背景下我国女性体育锻炼行为变迁的影响因素研究——基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据的实证检验  

Research on the Influencing Factors of Women's Physical Exercise Behavior Changes in the Context of Healthy China——An Empirical Test Based on the China General Social Survey(CGSS)Data

作　　者：马艳红[1] 梁响玲 MA Yanhong;LIANG Xiangling(Graduate Division,Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang 110102,China;School of Physical Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院研究生处,沈阳110102 [2]辽宁师范大学体育学院,大连116029

出　　处：《体育与科学》2024年第6期95-104,共10页Journal of Sports and Science

摘　　要：基于2010—2021年中国综合社会调查数据,运用动态时序的方法,从多学科角度探讨女性体育锻炼行为变迁及其影响因素,对于检验全民健身战略的效果和精准聚焦政策发力方向具有重要意义。研究发现,我国女性体育锻炼行为从2010—2021年整体呈上升趋势,且随女性个体年龄变化而波动,少年期和壮年后期为体育锻炼高峰期,而青年及壮年前期为低谷期。城镇女性的体育锻炼参与度持续高于农村女性,但两者之间的差距逐渐缩小。从影响因素来看,个体特征如教育年限、工作性质和单位性质对女性体育锻炼行为有积极影响,而婚姻状况和户口类型具有抑制效应。此外,家庭和工作责任对女性体育锻炼行为的束缚仍在继续。同时,健康状况、数字化生活方式和经济状况对女性体育锻炼行为始终具有发散效应。综上,为提升女性体育锻炼行为,落实健康中国战略,建议采取教育与健康意识的综合提升、经济激励与体育消费的双轮驱动、时间管理与工作制度的创新融合、个性化服务与数字化服务的创新发展等多维度策略。This study utilizes dynamic time-series methods and a multidisciplinary approach to explore women's physical exercise behavior and its influencing factors based on the China General Social Survey data from 2010 to 2021.It is of significant importance for assessing the effectiveness of the national fitness strategy and for precisely targeting policy efforts.The findings reveal that Chinese women's engagement in physical exercise has shown an overall upward trend from 2010 to 2021,with fluctuations according to age,peaking during adolescence and middle to old age,and reaching a trough during young adulthood.Urban women's participation in physical exercise consistently exceeds that of rural women,although the gap between them is gradually narrowing.Regarding influencing factors,individual characteristics such as years of education,job nature,and organizational type positively impact women's physical exercise behavior,while marital status and household registration type exert inhibitory effects.Additionally,family and work responsibilities continue to constrain women's physical exercise behavior.At the same time,health status,digital lifestyles,and economic conditions consistently have divergent effects on women's physical exercise behavior.In conclusion,to enhance women's physical exercise behavior and implement the Healthy China strategy,it is recommended to adopt a multi-dimensional strategy that includes the comprehensive enhancement of education and health awareness,the dual drive of economic incentives and sports consumption,the innovative integration of time management and work systems,and the innovative development of personalized and digital services.

关 键 词：健康中国 女性体育 体育锻炼行为 社会变迁 动态时序 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]