《伤寒杂病论》中两味中药复方药物性味配伍特点探析  

Analysis of the Nature,Flavor and Combination Characteristics of the Two-herb Compound Formulas in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(《伤寒杂病论》)

作　　者：张莹[1] 赵艺涵 尚青华[1] 白瑞娜[1] 段文慧[1] 杜健鹏[1] 高铸烨[1] 姜众会 史大卓[1] ZHANG Ying;ZHAO Yihan;SHANG Qinghua;BAI Ruina;DUAN Wenhui;DU Jianpeng;GAO Zhuye;JIANG Zhonghui;SHI Dazhuo(Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases,Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing,100091)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院西苑医院心血管病研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《中医杂志》2024年第22期2378-2382,共5页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院西苑医院具有知识产权的医疗机构制剂和中药新药研发与转化专项(XYZX0303-18)。

摘　　要：以《神农本草经》和《名医别录》记载的药物性味为基础,对《伤寒杂病论》中两味中药组成的方剂(简称两味中药复方)的性味配伍特点进行分析。最终纳入31个复方进行分析,发现其两味中药复方的中药性味多与复方的功用密切相关,如常用辛甘配伍温阳化气、辛苦配伍调和寒热、甘苦配伍化湿清热、辛辛配伍止呕降气、酸甘配伍缓急止痛等。无论病证虚实,相关病证对应的两味中药复方多扶正与祛邪兼顾,部分两味中药配伍的复方还有方病和方症对应的特点。Based on the natures and flavors of herbal medicinals recorded in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica(《神农本草经》);Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians(《名医别录》),this study analyzed the characteristics of the natures,flavors and combination of medicinals of the two-herb compound formulas in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(《伤寒杂病论》).Finally,31 compound formulas were included,and it was found that the nature and flavor of the herbs in these two-herb compound formulas are closely related to the functions of the compound formulas,such as the common pairing of the acrid and the sweet herbs to warm yang and transform qi,the acrid and the bitter herbs in pairs to regulate and harmonize cold and heat,the sweet and the bitter in pairs to remove dampness and clear heat,the acrid and the acrid in pairs to arrest vomiting and direct qi downward,and the sour and the sweet in pairs to slow the urgent and relieve pain.Regardless of the deficiency or excess nature of the disease,the corresponding two-herb compound formulas often aim to reinforce healthy qi while eliminating pathogenic factors,with some formulas showcasing a unique correspondence between the disease pattern and the symptoms addressed.

关 键 词：《伤寒杂病论》 中药复方 药性 药味 中药配伍 《神农本草经》 《名医别录》 

分 类 号：R289.1[医药卫生—方剂学]