承继与变革:《农村集体经济组织法》重点制度解读  

Inheritance and Reform:Interpretation of the Key Institutions in the Law of Rural Collective Economic Organizations

作　　者：王洪平 纪力玮 WANG Hong-ping;JI Li-wei(Law School,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China;School of Law,Yantai University,Yantai Shandong 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法学院,山东青岛266100 [2]烟台大学法学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期80-90,共11页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“落实集体所有权的私法逻辑与实现路径研究”(项目编号:22BFX074)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在承继既有立法和政策文件的先进成果的基础上,《农村集体经济组织法》作出了一系列的重大制度变革。《农村集体经济组织法》澄清了农民集体与农村集体经济组织的关系,将“集体成员”规定为“农村集体经济组织成员”,将“成员集体”规定为“农村集体经济组织成员集体”。《农村集体经济组织法》确立了农村集体经济组织作为出资人的市场主体地位,否定了农村集体经济组织的破产能力,部分地承认了农村集体经济组织的有限担保能力。《农村集体经济组织法》明确了集体成员身份确认与丧失的法定标准,对不完全成员权作出了规定。《农村集体经济组织法》界定了集体财产收益分配权之份额权的性质,基于份额权的一身专属性,否定了份额权的可退出性、可赎回性、可转让性、可抵押性、可继承性。未来《村民委员会组织法》应当根据《农村集体经济组织法》的相关规定作出相应的修改与完善。On the basis of inheriting the advanced achievements of existing legislation and policy documents,the Rural Collective Economic Organization Law has made a series of significant institutional changes.The Rural Collective Economic Organization Law clarifies the relationship between farmer collectives and rural collective economic organizations,defining“collective members”as“members of rural collective economic organizations”and“member collectives”as“members of rural collective economic organizations”.The Rural Collective Economic Organization Law establishes the market subject status of rural collective economic organizations as investors,denies the bankruptcy capacity of rural collective economic organizations,and partially recognizes their limited guarantee capacity.The Rural Collective Economic Organization Law clarifies the legal standards for the recognition and loss of collective membership,and provides provisions for incomplete membership rights.The Rural Collective Economic Organization Law defines the nature of the share right of collective property income distribution,and based on the exclusive nature of the share right,denies the revocability,redeemability,transferability,mortgagability,and inheritability of the share right.In the future,the Organic Law of Village Committees should be revised and improved in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Rural Collective Economic Organization Law.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织法 农村集体经济组织 不完全成员权 收益分配权 份额权 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]