拉萨裂腹鱼鱼卵适宜孵化pH的研究  

The suitable pH for hatching eggs of Schizothorax waltoni

作　　者：黄鹏程 曾本和 王金林 王宁 林少卿 HUANG Pengchen;ZENG Benhe;WANG Jinlin;WANG Ning;LIN Shaoqing(Tibet Autonomous Region Inspection and Testing Center for Agricultural and Animal Products Qual ity Safety,Lhasa 850000,China;Institute of Aquatic Sciences,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850002,China;Tibet Indigenous Fish Breeding and Utilization Technology Engineering Research Center,Lhasa 850000,China;Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Fishery and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Lhasa 850000,China;Tibet Autono mous Region Animal Husbandry Station,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农畜产品质量安全检验检测中心,拉萨850000 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所,拉萨850002 [3]西藏土著鱼类繁育与利用技术工程研究中心,拉萨850000 [4]西藏自治区渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,拉萨850000 [5]西藏自治区畜牧总站,拉萨850000

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第12期35-39,共5页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：西藏财政专项(ZXNKY-2024-C-001)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨拉萨裂腹鱼繁殖过程中鱼卵适宜孵化pH,评估自然水体盐碱度变化对拉萨裂腹鱼早期生长的影响。[方法]采用单因子试验的方法,在水温(15±0.5)℃条件下,将鱼卵与精子在不同pH(6.5、7.0、7.5、8.0、8.5、9.0、9.5)水体下授精与孵化,观察比较其受精率、孵化率及其畸形率的影响。[结果]孵化水体pH在6.5~9.5,随着pH升高,拉萨裂腹鱼鱼卵受精率呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。pH为6.5时,鱼卵受精率为0,pH8.5试验组鱼卵受精率最高,与pH7.5、8.0和9.0试验组差异不显著,显著高于其余试验组。孵化水体pH在6.5~9.5,随着pH升高,拉萨裂腹鱼鱼卵孵化率呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。pH为6.5和9.5时,鱼卵均在出膜前全部死亡,出膜率为0。pH9.0试验组鱼卵孵化率最高,与pH7.5、8.0和8.5试验组差异不显著,显著高于其余试验组。孵化水体pH在6.5~9.5,随着pH升高,拉萨裂腹鱼初孵仔鱼畸形率呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。pH为7.5时,出孵仔鱼畸形率最低,与pH为7.0、8.0和8.5试验组差异不显著,显著低于pH为9.0试验组。[结论]pH过低会降低拉萨裂腹鱼鱼卵的受精率和孵化率,pH过高会降低鱼卵孵化率,增加初孵仔鱼畸形率,建议拉萨裂腹鱼孵化pH为7.5~8.5。[Objectives]The suitable pH for hatching eggs during the reproduction process of Schizothorax waltoni was studied and the effects of changes in salinity-alkali of natural water bodies on the early growth of Schizothorax waltoni were investigated.[Methods]A single factor experiment was used to fertilize and hatch fish eggs and sperm in water bodies with different pH of 6.5,7.0,7.5,8.0,8.5,9.0,9.5 at a water temperature of(15±0.5)℃.The effects of pH on the rate of fertilization,the rate of hatching,and the rate of malformation were analyzed.[Results]The rate of fertilization in eggs of Schizothorax waltoni increased first and then de creased with the increase of pH when the pH of the hatching water body was between 6.5 and 9.5.When the pH was 6.5,the rate of fertilization in fish eggs was 0.The rate of fertilization in fish eggs in the pH 8.5 experimen tal group was the highest,with no significant difference compared to that in the pH 7.5,8.0,and 9.0 experimen tal groups,but significantly higher than that in the other experimental groups.The rate of hatching in eggs of Schizothorax waltoni first increased and then decreased with the increase of pH when the pH of the hatching water body was between 6.5 and 9.5.All fish eggs died before leaving the membrane,with a rate of hatching of 0.The rate of hatching in fish eggs in the pH 9.0 experimental group was the highest,with no significant differ ence compared to that in the pH 7.5,8.0,and 8.5 experimental groups,but significantly higher than that in the other experimental groups.The rate of malformation in the newly hatched larvae of Schizothorax waltoni first decreased and then increased with the increase of pH when the pH of the hatching water body was between 6.5 and 9.5.The rate of malformation in hatched larvae in the pH 7.5 experimental group was the lowest,with no significant difference compared to that in the pH 7.0,8.0,and 8.5 experimental groups,but significantly lower than that in the pH 9.0 experimental group.[Conclusions]Low pH can reduce the rate of fe

关 键 词：拉萨裂腹鱼 PH 受精率 孵化率 畸形率 盐碱水养殖 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]