全球视野下医疗人工智能软法治理:演进、挑战及发展  

Soft law governance of medical AI from a global perspective:evolution,challenges and development

作　　者：粟丹[1] 彭莫然 李俊兰 SU Dan;PENG Moran;LI Junlan(Law School,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学法学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《中国数字医学》2024年第12期1-11,共11页China Digital Medicine

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目-健康医疗大数据治理制度体系研究(20BFX040)。

摘　　要：人工智能在给医疗行业带来巨大变革的同时也带来了伦理、法律等挑战,对世界各国人工智能治理框架提出了严峻考验,催生了对新型治理工具的迫切需求。软法治理以其独特的适应性和灵活性,成为解决医疗人工智能法律挑战的重要手段。软法在应对技术发展、满足社会需求和适应文化多样性等方面具有明显的优势,但也面临精细化程度不足、利益平衡困难、实施效果不佳等现实困境。未来,我国应进一步发挥医疗人工智能软法治理的优势并克服其不足,通过强化软法与硬法的有效衔接、加强软法的全球合作、加快软法的本地化融合、提高软法的透明度与公众参与度等方式,增强软法的实施效果,以此推动医疗人工智能的健康发展。While bringing revolutionary changes to the medical industry,artificial intelligence(AI)also brought ethical,legal and social challenges,which has posed a severe test to AI governance frameworks around the world,and spawned an urgent need for new governance tools.With its unique adaptability and flexibility,soft law governance has become an important means to address the legal challenges faced medical by AI intelligence.Soft law has obvious advantages in responding to technological development,meeting social needs,and adapting to cultural diversity,but it also faces practical challenges such as insufficient refinement,difficulty in balancing interests,and poor implementation effects.In the future,China should further strengthen the advantages of soft law governance in medical AI,overcome its shortcomings.By enhancing the effective convergence between soft law and hard law,strengthening global cooperation in soft law,accelerating the localized and integration of soft law,and improving the transparency and public participation of soft law,the implementation effect of soft law can be improved,so as to promote the healthy development of medical AI.

关 键 词：医疗人工智能 软法 治理 硬法 

分 类 号：R319[医药卫生—基础医学] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]